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S5Late-8723

Important note: this is a preliminary port of the exploit, use it on your own risk and always validate results it gives you

Important note (2): although this code is unlikely to permanently break anything, you still should be very careful. I'm not responsible for any possible damage this might cause

Implementation of S5Late exploit by @__gsch for S5L8723 SoC which is used in iPod nano 6

Now also for S5L8443 SoC used in iPod shuffle 4

It allows you to:

  • Dump arbitrary memory
  • Decrypt Image1-wrapped firmwares
    • ...as well as decrypt/encrypt arbitrary data with embedded GID key
  • Boot custom 2nd-stage images
  • Call arbitrary functions in the ROM

I only tested this on a M4 Max MacBook Pro & MacBook 12-inch, but given that it doesn't use any special USB haxx, it should run anywhere

How to run

Prerequisites

  • iPod nano 6 or iPod shuffle 4

    • ...for the shuffle you also need an IPSW
      • Available here - make sure to pick one for correct hardware revision

  • Python 3

    • pyusb is the only external dependency
      • Available from pip

Entering DFU on iPod nano 6

Press and hold volume down and power buttons at the same time until Apple logo appears. Keep holding until screen goes black + 1-2 seconds more

Entering DFU on iPod shuffle 4

iPod shuffles do not seem to recognize any button combinations to enter DFU

The only way to do it is flashing a firmware with broken 2nd-stage bootloader:

  1. Download an IPSW linked above
  2. Unzip it
  3. Open Bootloader.rb3 in a hex-editor and replace a random byte or 2 somewhere in a middle of the file
  4. ZIP it back and rename file extension to .ipsw
  5. Flash the resulting file into your iPod with Finder
  6. At some point it will fail or get stuck
  7. Unplug the iPod

Common DFU caveats

As soon as Finder/iTunes detects an iPod in DFU mode, it will try to download a recovery image and upload WTF from it

We want to avoid it - you can either send SIGSTOP signal to AMP* processes on your Mac, or just temporarily disable Internet connection (so it cannot download the recovery image)

You know you did everything right if you see this on USB:

USB DFU Device:

  Product ID:	0x1232
  Vendor ID:	0x05ac (Apple Inc.)
  Version:	0.01
  Serial Number:	87230000000001
  Speed:	Up to 480 Mb/s
  Manufacturer:	Apple, Inc.
  Location ID:	0x02100000 / 1
  Current Available (mA):	500
  Current Required (mA):	100
  Extra Operating Current (mA):	0

Running the exploit

When your iPod is in DFU mode, just run the following:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late pwn
found: S5L8723 USB DFU device
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device
DONE

You know it reached pwned DFU mode if you see something like this on USB:

S5L8723 pwnDFU:

  Product ID:	0x1232
  Vendor ID:	0x05ac (Apple Inc.)
  Version:	0.01
  Serial Number:	87230000000001
  Speed:	Up to 480 Mb/s
  Manufacturer:	Apple, Inc.
  Location ID:	0x02100000 / 1
  Current Available (mA):	500
  Current Required (mA):	100
  Extra Operating Current (mA):	0

Device name is now changed to S5L8723 pwnDFU on iPod nano 6 or S5L8443 pwnDFU on iPod shuffle 4

Sample operations

Dumping ROM:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late dump /tmp/rom.bin 0x20000000 0x10000
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device
dumping: 100%
succesfully dumped 65536 bytes in 4.958 seconds (13218.303 bytes/sec)
DONE

Dumping SRAM:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late dump /tmp/sram.bin 0x22000000 0x30000
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device
dumping: 100%
succesfully dumped 196608 bytes in 14.851 seconds (13239.106 bytes/sec)
DONE

Decrypting Image1:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late image1 N20.bootloader.release.rb3 /tmp/n20_boot.bin
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device
Image1 v2.0 (8723): type: 0x3 entry: 0x0 bodylen: 0x23b00 datalen: 0x24763 certoff: 0x23b80 certlen: 0xbe3
decrypting: 100%
succesfully decrypted 146176 bytes in 15.299 seconds (9554.336 bytes/sec)
DONE

Rebooting back into normal DFU:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late reboot
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device                                                
DONE

Booting a 2nd-stage bootloader:

➜  S5Late-8723 git:(master) ✗ ./S5Late boot /tmp/n20_wtf.bin
found: S5L8723 USB pwnDFU device
DONE

Running your own code

Initial payload source code as well as DFU upload callback source code are available in this repository

You can modify them and recompile (requires ARM GNU toolchain)

Precautions

This is a preliminary version of this exploit, so be careful with results yielded by dumping and AES operations

Known issues

  • AES operations are very slow - decrypting large payloads such as OSOS/retailOS (~9MB) takes around 15-25 minutes

  • Apparently padding in AES operations isn't handled properly, so for inputs not aligned to 16 bytes (AES block size) it might yield some garbage in the end of an output

  • Current implementation only boots EFI images on S5L8273 and 0B0000EA reset vector instruction on S5L8443

    • This can be fixed very easily by modifying the hook code

  • iPod shuffle 4 fails to boot WTF for some unobvious reason - apparently works now

    • Untethered bootloader seems to work fine though

Credits

  • @__gsch - for the original bug & exploit
  • q3k - for sharing a lot of research on iPod bootroms and helping me
  • CUB3D - for ipod_sun exploit chain which was used to make SRAM dump of iPod nano 6