diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 7109036b..c5bc178d 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 # 2015-11-06
 # James A. Overton <james@overton.ca>
 #
+# Last major modification: 2019-02-10, Michael Cuffaro <consulting@michaelcuffaro.com>
+#
 # This file contains code for working with
 # Open Biomedical Ontoloiges (OBO)
 # Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs).
@@ -12,10 +14,8 @@
 # Required software:
 #
 # - [GNU Make](http://www.gnu.org/software/make/) to run this file
-# - [kwalify](http://www.kuwata-lab.com/kwalify/) for YAML validation
 # - [Python 3](https://www.python.org/downloads/) to run scripts
 # - [PyYAML](http://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAML) for translation to Apache
-# - [travis.rb](https://github.com/travis-ci/travis.rb) for Travis-CI
 
 
 ### Configuration
@@ -29,9 +29,6 @@
 # Defaults to the list of config/*.yml files.
 ONTOLOGY_IDS ?= $(patsubst config/%.yml,%,$(wildcard config/*.yml))
 
-# The GitHub owner/project
-PROJECT ?= OBOFoundry/purl.obolibrary.org
-
 # Local development server.
 DEVELOPMENT ?= localhost
 
@@ -53,219 +50,107 @@ SHELL := bash
 
 ### Basic Operations
 
-# Default goal: Remove generated files, validate config, and regenerate.
+# Default goal: Remove generated files and regenerate.
 .PHONY: all
-all: clean validate build
+all: clean build
 
-# Remove directories with generated files.
+# Remove directories with generated files and tests.
 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
 	rm -rf temp tests
 
 
-### Validate YAML Config
+### Build recipe for a single project.
 #
-# Use kwalify and the tools/config.schema.yml
-# to validate all YAML configuration files.
-# If any INVALID results are found, exit with an error.
-.PHONY: validate
-validate:
-	kwalify -f tools/config.schema.yml config/*.yml \
-	| awk '{print} /INVALID/ {status=1} END {exit status}'
-
-# Validate a single configuration file.
-.PHONY: validate-%
-validate-%:
-	kwalify -f tools/config.schema.yml config/$*.yml
+# Convert the YAML file of a single project to a .htaccess file and place it
+# in the temp/ directory.
+.PHONY: build-%
+build-%:
+	tools/translate_yaml.py --input_files config/$*.yml --output_dir temp
+	@echo "Built files in temp/$*"
 
 
-### Generate Apache Config
-#
-# Convert the YAML configuration files
-# to Apache .htaccess files with RedirectMatch directives.
-# There are three types:
-#
-# - base_redirects: when the project's base_url points to something
-# - product: for a project's main OWL file
-# - term: for a project's terms
-# - entries: PURLs under the project's base_url
+# Build recipe for all projects
 #
-# The first three are inserted into www/obo/.htaccess
-# while the last is in the project's www/obo/project/.htaccess
-#
-# These files are built in the `temp/` directory
-# then `temp/obo` replaces `www/obo` as the very last step
-# to keep Apache downtime to an absolute minimum.
-temp/obo temp/base_redirects temp/products temp/terms:
-	mkdir -p $@
+# Convert the YAML files of every project to .htaccess files and place them
+# in the www/obo directory.
 
-temp/base_redirects/%.htaccess: config/%.yml temp/base_redirects
-	tools/translate-base-redirects.py $< $@
-
-temp/products/%.htaccess: config/%.yml temp/products
-	tools/translate-products.py $< $@
-
-temp/terms/%.htaccess: config/%.yml temp/terms
-	tools/translate-terms.py $< $@
-
-# Generate temp/obo/foo/.htaccess file
-# and a symbolic link from the IDSPACE:
-# temp/obo/FOO -> temp/obo/foo
-# NOTE: The last line removes spurious links
-# on case insensitive file systems such as Mac OS X.
-temp/obo/%/.htaccess: config/%.yml
-	mkdir -p temp/obo/$*
-	tools/translate-entries.py $< $@
-	< $< \
-	grep '^idspace:' \
-	| sed 's/^idspace://' \
-	| tr -d ' ' \
-	| awk '{print "$* temp/obo/" $$0}' \
-	| xargs -t ln -s
-	rm -f temp/obo/$*/$*
-
-# Build temp files for a single project.
-.PHONY: build-%
-build-%: validate-% temp/obo/%/.htaccess temp/base_redirects/%.htaccess temp/products/%.htaccess temp/terms/%.htaccess
-	@echo "Built files in temp/$*"
+# Final output directory:
+www/obo/:
+	mkdir -p $@
 
+# When a new build is created, the old build's files are moved here, in a subdirectory
+# whose name is generated in a portable way using python (see the target-specific
+# variable BACKUP below).
 backup/:
 	mkdir $@
 
-# Get name of a dated-backup directory, in a portable way.
-BACKUP = backup/obo-$(shell python -c "import time,os;print(time.strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S',time.gmtime(os.path.getmtime('www/obo'))))")
-
-# Convert all YAML configuration files to .htaccess
-# and move the special `obo` .htaccess file.
-# Generate .htaccess files for all YAML configuration files.
+# The main build target:
 .PHONY: build
-build: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),temp/obo/$o/.htaccess)
-build: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),temp/base_redirects/$o.htaccess)
-build: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),temp/products/$o.htaccess)
-build: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),temp/terms/$o.htaccess)
-build: | backup/
-	cat temp/obo/obo/.htaccess > temp/obo/.htaccess
-	echo '' >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	echo '### Generated from project configuration files' >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	echo '' >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	cat temp/base_redirects/*.htaccess >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	cat temp/products/*.htaccess >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	cat temp/terms/*.htaccess >> temp/obo/.htaccess
-	rm -rf temp/obo/obo
-	rm -rf temp/obo/OBO
+build: BACKUP = backup/obo-$(shell python -c "import time,os;print(time.strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S',time.gmtime(os.path.getmtime('www/obo'))))")
+build: | backup/ www/obo/
+	tools/translate_yaml.py --input_dir config --output_dir temp/obo
+	rm -rf temp/obo/obo temp/obo/OBO
 	-test -e www/obo && mv www/obo $(BACKUP)
 	mv temp/obo www/obo
+	rmdir temp
 
 
 ### Test Development Apache Config
 #
 # Make HTTP HEAD requests quickly against the DEVELOPMENT server
 # to ensure that redirects are working properly.
-tests/development:
-	mkdir -p $@
-
-# Run tests for a single YAML configuration file.
-# against the DEVELOPMENT server,
-# making requests every 0.01 seconds.
-tests/development/%.tsv: config/%.yml tests/development
-	tools/test.py --delay=0.01 $(DEVELOPMENT) $< $@
-
-# Run all tests against development and fail if any FAIL line is found.
+# Fail if any FAIL line is found in any of them.
 .PHONY: test
-test: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),tests/development/$o.tsv)
-	@cat tests/development/*.tsv \
-	| awk '/^FAIL/ {status=1; print} END {exit status}'
+test:
+	tools/test.py --delay=0.01 --output=tests/development --domain=$(DEVELOPMENT) config/*.yml
 
 
 ### Test Production Apache Config
 #
 # Make HTTP HEAD requests slowly against the PRODUCTION server
 # to ensure that redirects are working properly.
-tests/production:
-	mkdir -p $@
-
-# Run tests for a single YAML configuration file
-# against the PRODUCTION server,
-# making requests every 1 second.
-tests/production/%.tsv: config/%.yml tests/production
-	tools/test.py --delay=1 $(PRODUCTION) $< $@
-
-# Run all tests against production and fail if any FAIL line is found.
 .PHONY: test-production
-test-production: $(foreach o,$(ONTOLOGY_IDS),tests/production/$o.tsv)
-	@cat tests/production/*.tsv \
-	| awk '/^FAIL/ {status=1; print} END {exit status}'
+test-production:
+	tools/test.py --delay=1 --output=tests/production --domain=$(PRODUCTION) config/*.yml
 
 
 ### Test Tools
 #
 # Test our tools on files in examples/ directory.
-tests/examples:
-	mkdir -p $@
-
-tests/examples/%.yml: tools/examples/%.xml tools/examples/%.yml tests/examples
-	tools/migrate.py $* $< $@
-	diff tools/examples/$*.yml $@
-
-tests/examples/%.base_redirects.htaccess: tools/examples/%.yml tests/examples
-	tools/translate-base-redirects.py $< $@
-	diff tools/examples/$*.base_redirects.htaccess $@
-
-tests/examples/%.products.htaccess: tools/examples/%.yml tests/examples
-	tools/translate-products.py $< $@
-	diff tools/examples/$*.products.htaccess $@
-
-tests/examples/%.terms.htaccess: tools/examples/%.yml tests/examples
-	tools/translate-terms.py $< $@
-	diff tools/examples/$*.terms.htaccess $@
-
-tests/examples/%.htaccess: tools/examples/%.yml tests/examples
-	tools/translate-entries.py $< $@
-	diff tools/examples/$*.htaccess $@
+.PHONY: test-example1
+test-example1:
+	tools/migrate.py test1 tools/examples/test1/test1.xml tests/examples/test1/test1.yml
+	diff tools/examples/test1/test1.yml tests/examples/test1/test1.yml
+
+.PHONY: test-example2
+test-example2:
+	tools/translate_yaml.py --input_dir tools/examples/test2/ --output_dir tests/examples/test2/
+	diff tools/examples/test2/test2.htaccess tests/examples/test2/.htaccess
+	diff tools/examples/test2/obo/obo.htaccess tests/examples/test2/obo/.htaccess
+	diff tools/examples/test2/test2/test2.htaccess tests/examples/test2/test2/.htaccess	
 
 .PHONY: test-examples
-test-examples: tests/examples/test1.yml
-test-examples: tests/examples/test2.htaccess
-test-examples: tests/examples/test2.base_redirects.htaccess
-test-examples: tests/examples/test2.products.htaccess
-test-examples: tests/examples/test2.terms.htaccess
+test-examples: test-example1 test-example2
 
 
 ### Update Repository
 #
-# Check Travis-CI for the last build.
-# If it did not pass, then fail.
-# If it is the same as .current_build, then fail.
-# Otherwise replace .current_build,
-# pull from git, and run a new `make`.
+# Run the safe-update.py script which does the following:
+# - Check Travis-CI for the last build.
+# - If it did not pass, or if it is the same as the current build, then do nothing.
+# - Otherwise replace .current_build, pull from git, and run a new `make`.
 safe-update:
-	travis history --no-interactive \
-	--repo $(PROJECT) --branch master --limit 1 \
-	> .travis_build
-	@grep ' passed:   ' .travis_build
-	@echo 'Last build is green, but might not be new'
-	@diff .current_build .travis_build && exit 1 || exit 0
-	@echo 'New green build available'
-	@mv .travis_build .current_build
-	git pull
-	make
-
-
-### Migrate Configuration from PURL.org
+	tools/safe-update.py
+
+
+### Code style and lint checks for python source files.
 #
-# Given an ontology ID (usually lower-case),
-# fetch and translate a PURL.org XML file
-# into a YAML configuration file.
-# This should be a one-time migration.
-# Do not overwrite existing config file.
-PURL_XML = https://purl.org/admin/purl/?target=&seealso=&maintainers=&explicitmaintainers=&tombstone=false&p_id=
-
-.PHONY: migrate-%
-migrate-%:
-	@test ! -s config/$*.yml \
-	|| (echo 'Refusing to overwrite config/$*.yml'; exit 1)
-	mkdir -p migrations
-	test -s migrations/$*.xml \
-	|| curl --fail -o migrations/$*.xml "$(PURL_XML)/obo/$**"
-	mkdir -p config
-	tools/migrate.py $* migrations/$*.xml config/$*.yml
+# Note that `|| true` is appended to force make to ignore the exit code in both cases
+.PHONY: style
+style:
+	pep8 --max-line-length=100 --ignore E129,E126,E121,E111,E114 tools/*.py || true
+
+.PHONY: delint
+delint:
+	python3 -m pyflakes tools/*.py || true
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 76b51b00..34dcd1b3 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -202,6 +202,29 @@ or delete the VM with
 
 You can test against the production PURL server using `make test-production`. We only make one request per second, to avoid abusing the server, so this can take along time.
 
+### Optional: Sync VirtualBox Guest Additions
+
+If you keep your development VM for any length of time you may be presented with this message upon starting your VM:
+```
+==> default: A newer version of the box 'ubuntu/trusty64' is available! You currently
+==> default: have version '20190122.1.1'. The latest is version '20190206.0.0'. Run
+==> default: `vagrant box update` to update.
+```
+If you upgrade, then the next time you resume your box you may receive the warning:
+```
+[default] The guest additions on this VM do not match the install version of
+VirtualBox! This may cause things such as forwarded ports, shared
+folders, and more to not work properly. If any of those things fail on
+this machine, please update the guest additions and repackage the
+box.
+```
+
+To automatically sync with VirtualBox's Guest Additions at startup (and thus avoid this warning) you can install `vagrant-vbguest` like so:
+
+- `vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest` (in the tools directory on the host machine)
+
+Now, whenever you bring up your VM, it will check the version of the VM's guest additions and automatically bring them up to date whenever this is needed.
+
 
 ## Deployment
 
diff --git a/config/dpo.yml b/config/dpo.yml
index bd251a45..420ea64e 100644
--- a/config/dpo.yml
+++ b/config/dpo.yml
@@ -10,6 +10,3 @@ products:
 - dpo.owl: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FlyBase/flybase-controlled-vocabulary/master/releases/dpo.owl
 
 term_browser: ontobee
-example_terms:
-
-entries:
diff --git a/config/xao.yml b/config/xao.yml
index 4698ef4f..a50314bb 100644
--- a/config/xao.yml
+++ b/config/xao.yml
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ products:
 - xao.obo: http://ontologies.berkeleybop.org/xao.obo
 
 term_browser: ontobee
-example_terms:
 
 entries:
 - prefix: /tracker/
diff --git a/tools/config.schema.json b/tools/config.schema.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..65dbbcda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/config.schema.json
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+{
+	"properties": {
+		"idspace": {
+			"_comment": "See issue #82",
+			"type": "string",
+			"pattern": "^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]+$"
+		},
+		"base_url": {
+			"type": "string",
+			"pattern": "^\\/obo"
+		},
+		"base_redirect": {
+			"type": "string"
+		},
+		"products": {
+			"type": "array",
+			"items": {
+				"type": "object",
+				"patternProperties": {
+					"\\.owl$": { "type": "string" },
+					"\\.obo$": { "type": "string" }
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		"term_browser": {
+			"type": "string",
+			"pattern": "^(ontobee|custom)$"
+		},
+		"example_terms": {
+			"type": "array",
+			"items": {
+				"type": "string"
+			}
+		},
+		"tests": {
+			"type": "array",
+			"items": {
+				"type": "object",
+				"properties": {
+					"from": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^\\/"
+					},
+					"to": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^(https?|ftp)\\:\\/\\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\\/\\.\\-\\:\\?\\=\\&\\#\\%\\!\\$\\~\\+\\w]+$"
+					}
+				},
+				"required": ["from", "to"]
+			}
+		},
+		"entries": {
+			"type": "array",
+			"items": {
+				"type": "object",
+				"properties": {
+					"exact": {
+						"_comment": "Note: JSON-Schema cannot ensure that `exact` mappings are unique",
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^\\/"
+					},
+					"prefix": {
+						"_comment": "Note: JSON-Schema cannot ensure that `prefix` mappings are unique",
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^\\/"
+					},
+					"regex": {
+						"_comment": "Note: JSON-Schema cannot ensure that `regex` mappings are unique",
+						"type": "string"
+					},
+					"replacement": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^(https?|ftp)\\:\\/\\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\\/\\.\\-\\:\\?\\=\\&\\#\\%\\!\\$\\~\\+\\w]+$"
+					},
+					"status": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"pattern": "^(permanent|temporary|see other)$"
+					},
+					"tests": {
+						"type": "array",
+						"items": {
+							"type": "object",
+							"properties": {
+								"from": {
+									"type": "string",
+									"pattern": "^\\/"
+								},
+								"to": {
+									"type": "string",
+									"pattern": "^(https?|ftp)\\:\\/\\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\\/\\.\\-\\:\\?\\=\\&\\#\\%\\!\\$\\~\\+\\w]+$"
+								}
+							},
+							"required": ["from", "to"]
+						}
+					}
+				},
+				"required": ["replacement"]
+			}
+		}
+	},
+	"required": ["idspace", "base_url", "term_browser"]
+}
diff --git a/tools/config.schema.yml b/tools/config.schema.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index b98069e6..00000000
--- a/tools/config.schema.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-####
-#### Use kwalify and this schema to validate the config files.
-#### Example:
-####    kwalify -E -m ./tools/config.schema.yml
-####    kwalify -E -f ./tools/config.schema.yml ./config/ddanat.yml
-####
-type: map
-mapping:
-  "idspace":
-    type: str
-    pattern: /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]+$/ # See issue #82
-    required: true
-  "base_url":
-    type: str
-    pattern: /^\/obo/
-    required: true
-  "base_redirect":
-    type: str
-    required: false
-  "products":
-    type: seq
-    required: false
-    sequence:
-      - type: any
-  "term_browser":
-    type: str
-    pattern: /^(ontobee|custom)$/
-    required: true
-  "example_terms":
-    type: seq
-    required: false
-    sequence:
-      - type: str
-  "tests":
-    type: seq
-    required: false
-    sequence:
-      - type: map
-        mapping:
-          "from":
-            type: str
-            pattern: /^\//
-            required: true
-          "to":
-            type: str
-            pattern: "/^(https?|ftp)\:\/\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\/\.\-\:\?\=\&\#\%\!\$\~\+\w]+$/"
-            required: true
-  "entries":
-    type: seq
-    required: false
-    sequence:
-      - type: map
-        mapping:
-          "exact":
-            type: str
-            pattern: /^\//
-            required: false
-            unique: true
-          "prefix":
-            type: str
-            pattern: /^\//
-            required: false
-            unique: true
-          "regex":
-            type: str
-            required: false
-            unique: true
-          "replacement":
-            type: str
-            pattern: "/^(https?|ftp)\:\/\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\/\.\-\:\?\=\&\#\%\!\$\~\+\w]+$/"
-            required: true
-            unique: false
-          "status":
-            type: str
-            required: false
-            pattern: /^(permanent|temporary|see other)$/
-          "tests":
-            type: seq
-            required: false
-            sequence:
-              - type: map
-                mapping:
-                  "from":
-                    type: str
-                    pattern: /^\//
-                    required: true
-                  "to":
-                    type: str
-                    pattern: "/^(https?|ftp)\:\/\/[a-zA-Z0-9][\/\.\-\:\?\=\&\#\%\!\$\~\+\w]+$/"
-                    required: true
-
diff --git a/tools/examples/test1.htaccess b/tools/examples/test1/test1.htaccess
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/examples/test1.htaccess
rename to tools/examples/test1/test1.htaccess
diff --git a/tools/examples/test1.xml b/tools/examples/test1/test1.xml
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/examples/test1.xml
rename to tools/examples/test1/test1.xml
diff --git a/tools/examples/test1.yml b/tools/examples/test1/test1.yml
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/examples/test1.yml
rename to tools/examples/test1/test1.yml
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2.base_redirects.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2.base_redirects.htaccess
deleted file mode 100644
index 38063a20..00000000
--- a/tools/examples/test2.base_redirects.htaccess
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# Base redirect for TEST2
-RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2$" "http://example.org/test2"
-
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2.htaccess
deleted file mode 100644
index f6761a14..00000000
--- a/tools/examples/test2.htaccess
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!
-# Automatically generated from "tools/examples/test2.yml".
-# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.
-
-RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2/project$" "http://example.org/project.html"
-RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2/branches/(.*)$" "http://example.org/branches/$1"
-RedirectMatch seeother "(?i)^/obo/test2/TEST_(\d+)$" "http://example.org/about/TEST_$1"
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2.products.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2.products.htaccess
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e4ffa4f..00000000
--- a/tools/examples/test2.products.htaccess
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# Products for TEST2
-RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2.owl$" "http://example.org/test2.owl"
-RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2.obo$" "http://example.org/test2.obo"
-
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2.terms.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2.terms.htaccess
deleted file mode 100644
index bf5f71ea..00000000
--- a/tools/examples/test2.terms.htaccess
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# Term redirect for TEST2
-RedirectMatch seeother "^/obo/TEST2_(\d+)$" "http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?o=TEST2&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEST2_$1"
-
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2.yml b/tools/examples/test2/obo.yml
similarity index 50%
rename from tools/examples/test2.yml
rename to tools/examples/test2/obo.yml
index 375a2775..5d03c42e 100644
--- a/tools/examples/test2.yml
+++ b/tools/examples/test2/obo.yml
@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
-# PURL configuration for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/test2
+# PURL configuration for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obo
 
-idspace: TEST2
-base_url: /obo/test2
-
-base_redirect: http://example.org/test2
-
-products:
-- test2.owl: http://example.org/test2.owl
-- test2.obo: http://example.org/test2.obo
-
-term_browser: ontobee
-example_terms:
-- TEST2_0000001
+idspace: OBO
+base_url: /obo/obo
+term_browser: custom
 
 entries:
 - exact: /project
@@ -28,4 +19,4 @@ entries:
   status: see other
   tests:
   - from: /TEST_1234
-    replacement: http://example.org/about/TEST_1234
+    to: http://example.org/about/TEST_1234
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2/obo/obo.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2/obo/obo.htaccess
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e1f35ae2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/examples/test2/obo/obo.htaccess
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!
+# Automatically generated from "tools/examples/test2/obo.yml".
+# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.
+
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/obo/project$" "http://example.org/project.html"
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/obo/branches/(.*)$" "http://example.org/branches/$1"
+RedirectMatch seeother "(?i)^/obo/test2/TEST_(\d+)$" "http://example.org/about/TEST_$1"
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2/test2.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2/test2.htaccess
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04f6bd21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/examples/test2/test2.htaccess
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!
+# Automatically generated from "tools/examples/test2/obo.yml".
+# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.
+
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/obo/project$" "http://example.org/project.html"
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/obo/branches/(.*)$" "http://example.org/branches/$1"
+RedirectMatch seeother "(?i)^/obo/test2/TEST_(\d+)$" "http://example.org/about/TEST_$1"
+
+### Generated from project configuration files
+
+# Base redirect for TEST2
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2$" "http://example.org/test2"
+
+# Products for TEST2
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2.owl$" "http://example.org/test2.owl"
+RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^/obo/test2.obo$" "http://example.org/test2.obo"
+
+# Term redirect for TEST2
+RedirectMatch seeother "^/obo/TEST2_(\d+)$" "http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?o=TEST2&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEST2_$1"
+
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2/test2.yml b/tools/examples/test2/test2.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2c8141ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/examples/test2/test2.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# PURL configuration for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/test2
+
+idspace: TEST2
+base_url: /obo/test2
+
+base_redirect: http://example.org/test2
+
+products:
+- test2.owl: http://example.org/test2.owl
+- test2.obo: http://example.org/test2.obo
+
+term_browser: ontobee
+example_terms:
+- TEST2_0000001
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tools/examples/test2/test2/test2.htaccess b/tools/examples/test2/test2/test2.htaccess
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eaadaa74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/examples/test2/test2/test2.htaccess
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!
+# Automatically generated from "tools/examples/test2/test2.yml".
+# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.
+
diff --git a/tools/migrate.py b/tools/migrate.py
index 1140dab8..4c10fb14 100755
--- a/tools/migrate.py
+++ b/tools/migrate.py
@@ -33,7 +33,11 @@
 # the `exact` entries are output first,
 # followed by `prefix` entries in descending order of `id` length.
 
-import argparse, sys, xml.sax, re
+import argparse
+import re
+import os
+import sys
+import xml.sax
 
 # Accumulate entries in these global lists for later sorting.
 exact = []
@@ -55,34 +59,43 @@
 
 entries:
 '''
+
 entry_template = '''- %s: %s
   replacement: %s
 
 '''
 
+
 # Parse command line arguments,
 # run the SAX parser on the XML file,
 # and write results to the YAML file.
 def main():
   parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Migrate XML to YAML')
   parser.add_argument('idspace',
-      type=str,
-      help='the project IDSPACE, e.g. FOO')
+                      type=str,
+                      help='the project IDSPACE, e.g. FOO')
   parser.add_argument('xml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the XML file (or STDIN)')
+                      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
+                      default=sys.stdin,
+                      nargs='?',
+                      help='read from the XML file (or STDIN)')
   parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the YAML file (or STDOUT)')
+                      type=str,
+                      nargs='?',
+                      help='write to the YAML file (or STDOUT)')
   args = parser.parse_args()
 
   args.upper_idspace = args.idspace.upper()
   args.lower_idspace = args.idspace.lower()
   args.base_url = '/obo/' + args.lower_idspace
+  if args.yaml_file is not None:
+    try:
+      args.yaml_file = open(args.yaml_file, 'w')
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+      os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(args.yaml_file))
+      args.yaml_file = open(args.yaml_file, 'w')
+  else:
+    args.yaml_file = sys.stdout
 
   sax = xml.sax.make_parser()
   sax.setContentHandler(OCLCHandler(args))
@@ -93,18 +106,21 @@ def main():
     raise ValueError('No entries to migrate')
 
   args.yaml_file.write(header_template %
-      (args.base_url, args.upper_idspace, args.base_url, args.lower_idspace, args.lower_idspace))
+                       (args.base_url, args.upper_idspace, args.base_url, args.lower_idspace,
+                        args.lower_idspace))
   for entry in entries:
     args.yaml_file.write(entry_template %
-        (entry['rule'], entry['id'], entry['url']))
+                         (entry['rule'], entry['id'], entry['url']))
+
+  args.yaml_file.close()
 
 
 # Define a SAX ContentHandler class to match the XML format,
 # and accumulate entry dictionaries into the global lists.
 # See example above for XML format.
 class OCLCHandler(xml.sax.ContentHandler):
-  # Initialize with results of argparse.
   def __init__(self, args):
+    # Initialize args with results of argparse.
     self.args = args
     self.count = 0
     self.content = ''
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@ def endElement(self, name):
     elif name == 'purl':
       # The `<id>` in the XML must begin with the base_url,
       # but we remove this prefix from the YAML output.
-      if not 'id' in self.entry:
+      if 'id' not in self.entry:
         raise ValueError('No <id> for <purl> %d' % self.count)
       id_re = re.compile('^' + self.args.base_url, re.IGNORECASE)
       if not id_re.match(self.entry['id']):
@@ -144,14 +160,14 @@ def endElement(self, name):
           % (self.count, self.entry['id'], self.args.base_url))
       self.entry['id'] = id_re.sub('', self.entry['id'])
 
-      if not 'url' in self.entry:
+      if 'url' not in self.entry:
         raise ValueError('No <url> for <purl> %d' % self.count)
       if not re.match(r'^(https?|ftp)\:\/\/.+', self.entry['url']):
         raise ValueError(
           'In <purl> %d the <url> "%s" is not an absolute HTTP or FTP URL'
           % (self.count, self.entry['url']))
 
-      if not 'type' in self.entry:
+      if 'type' not in self.entry:
         raise ValueError('No <type> for <purl> %d' % self.count)
       elif self.entry['type'] == '302':
         self.entry['rule'] = 'exact'
@@ -161,7 +177,8 @@ def endElement(self, name):
         prefix.append(self.entry)
       else:
         raise ValueError('Unknown type "%s" for <purl> %d' %
-            (self.entry['type'], self.count))
+                         (self.entry['type'], self.count))
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
diff --git a/tools/safe-update.py b/tools/safe-update.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..494c5bbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/safe-update.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Check Travis CI build status for the `master` branch of OBOFoundry/purl.obolibrary.org
+# If `master` is green (i.e. all tests are passing),
+# and the build number is greater than the current build
+# (i.e. the last time we updated),
+# then pull `master`, run Make, and update .current_build.
+
+import difflib
+import requests
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+api_url = 'https://api.travis-ci.org'
+repo_slug = 'OBOFoundry/purl.obolibrary.org'
+accept_header = {'Accept': 'application/vnd.travis-ci.2.1+json'}
+
+# Get the last build ID from Travis:
+resp = requests.get('{}/repos/{}'.format(api_url, repo_slug), headers=accept_header)
+if resp.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
+  resp.raise_for_status()
+last_build_id = resp.json()['repo']['last_build_id']
+
+# Now get the build details:
+resp = requests.get('{}/repos/{}/builds/{}'.format(api_url, repo_slug, last_build_id),
+                    headers=accept_header)
+if resp.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
+  resp.raise_for_status()
+content = resp.json()
+
+# If the last build did not pass, then do nothing and exit.
+if content['build']['state'] != 'passed':
+  print("Last build is not green. Not updating.", file=sys.stderr)
+  sys.exit(0)
+
+# Otherwise see if the build description is different from the current build
+print("Last build is green. Checking whether it is new ...")
+build_desc = "#{} {}:    {} {}".format(content['build']['number'], content['build']['state'],
+                                       content['commit']['branch'], content['commit']['message'])
+# We only want to keep the first line of the last build's description for comparison purposes:
+newbuild_lines = build_desc.splitlines(keepends=True)[:1]
+with open('.current_build') as infile:
+  currbuild_lines = infile.readlines()
+
+diff = list(difflib.unified_diff(currbuild_lines, newbuild_lines))
+if not diff:
+  print("Last build is not new. Not updating.")
+  sys.exit(0)
+
+# Output a diff for information purposes and then do a `git pull` and `make` from the current
+# working directory:
+for d in diff:
+  print(d, end='')
+print('\nNew green build available. Updating local repository ...')
+
+if subprocess.call(["git", "pull"]) == 0 and subprocess.call(["make"]) == 0:
+  with open('.current_build', 'w') as outfile:
+    outfile.write(newbuild_lines.pop())
diff --git a/tools/site.yml b/tools/site.yml
index ce0dafa2..5a1a17f4 100644
--- a/tools/site.yml
+++ b/tools/site.yml
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@
       with_items:
         - ntp
         - git
-        - ruby
-        - ruby-dev
         - python3
 
     - name: Install system-wide packages (All)
@@ -39,16 +37,12 @@
         - apache2
         - python3-pip
 
-    - name: Install Travis command-line
-      when: mode == "production"
-      command: gem install travis --no-rdoc --no-ri creates=/usr/local/bin/travis
-
-    - name: Install kwalify
-      command: gem install kwalify creates=/usr/local/bin/kwalify
-
     - name: Install PyYAML
       pip: name=PyYAML executable=pip3
 
+    - name: Install jsonschema
+      pip: name=jsonschema executable=pip3
+
     - name: Clone the Git repo
       when: mode == "production"
       git: repo={{ repo_url }} dest={{ repo_dir }}
diff --git a/tools/test.py b/tools/test.py
index 3983302a..93931fb6 100755
--- a/tools/test.py
+++ b/tools/test.py
@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@
 #
 # Read a YAML configuration file,
 # make a series of HTTP HEAD requests to a target server,
-# and report the results in a table.
+# and report the results in a TSV file.
 #
 # NOTE: Currently only tests `example_terms` when `term_browser: ontobee`.
 
-import argparse, sys, yaml, http.client, time
+import argparse
+import http.client
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import time
+import yaml
 from urllib.parse import unquote
 
 
@@ -17,105 +23,124 @@
 def main():
   parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Test a YAML configuration by making HTTP requests')
   parser.add_argument('-d', '--delay', metavar='D',
-      type=float,
-      default=1,
-      help='delay between requests in seconds (default 1)')
+                      type=float,
+                      default=1,
+                      help='delay between requests in seconds (default 1)')
   parser.add_argument('-t', '--timeout', metavar='T',
-      type=float,
-      default=10,
-      help='connection timeout in seconds (default 10)')
-  parser.add_argument('domain',
-      type=str,
-      default='172.16.100.10',
-      nargs='?',
-      help='target server (default 172.16.100.10)')
-  parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the YAML file (or STDIN)')
-  parser.add_argument('report_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the TSV file (or STDOUT)')
+                      type=float,
+                      default=10,
+                      help='connection timeout in seconds (default 10)')
+  parser.add_argument('-m', '--domain', metavar='DOM',
+                      type=str,
+                      default='172.16.100.10',
+                      help='target server (default 172.16.100.10)')
+  parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', metavar='DIR',
+                      type=str,
+                      required=True,
+                      help='Directory to write TSV files to')
+  parser.add_argument('yaml_files', metavar='YAML',
+                      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
+                      default=sys.stdin,
+                      nargs='+',
+                      help='YAML input file')
   args = parser.parse_args()
 
-  # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
-  document = yaml.load(args.yaml_file)
-
-  if not 'idspace' in document \
-      or type(document['idspace']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "idspace" string')
-  idspace = document['idspace']
-
-  if not 'base_url' in document \
-      or type(document['base_url']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "base_url" string')
-  base_url = document['base_url']
-
-  tests = []
-
-  # Collect the tests to run.
-  if 'base_redirect' in document:
-    tests += [{
-      'source': base_url,
-      'replacement': document['base_redirect'],
-      'status': '302'
-    }]
-
-  if 'products' in document \
-      and type(document['products']) is list:
-    i = 0
-    for product in document['products']:
-      i += 1
-      tests += process_product(i, product)
-
-  if 'term_browser' in document \
-      and document['term_browser'].strip().lower() == 'ontobee' \
-      and 'example_terms' in document \
-      and type(document['example_terms']) is list:
-    i = 0
-    for example_term in document['example_terms']:
-      i += 1
-      tests += process_ontobee(idspace, i, example_term)
-
-  if 'tests' in document:
-    i = 0
-    status = '302'
-    for test_entry in document['tests']:
-      i += 1
-      test = {'status': status}
-      if 'from' in test_entry:
-        test['source'] = base_url + test_entry['from']
-      if 'to' in test_entry:
-        test['replacement'] = test_entry['to']
-      if 'source' in test and 'replacement' in test:
-        tests.append(test)
-      else:
-        raise ValueError('Invalid test %d in global tests' % i)
-
-  if 'entries' in document \
-      and type(document['entries']) is list:
-    i = 0
-    for entry in document['entries']:
-      i += 1
-      tests += process_entry(base_url, i, entry)
-
-  # Write report table header.
-  args.report_file.write('\t'.join([
-    'Result', 'Source URL',
-    'Expected Status', 'Expected URL',
-    'Actual Status', 'Actual URL'
-  ]) + '\n')
-
-  # Run the tests and add results to the report table.
-  conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(args.domain, timeout=args.timeout)
-  for test in tests:
-    results = run_test(conn, test)
-    args.report_file.write('\t'.join(results) + '\n')
-    args.report_file.flush()
-    time.sleep(args.delay)
+  # Create the output directory if it doesn't already exist
+  try:
+    os.makedirs(args.output)
+  except FileExistsError:
+    pass
+
+  failures = []
+  for yaml_file in args.yaml_files:
+    print("Checking {} ...".format(yaml_file.name))
+    with open(os.path.normpath(args.output) + '/' +
+              re.sub('\.yml$', '.tsv', os.path.basename(yaml_file.name)), 'w') as report_file:
+      # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
+      document = yaml.load(yaml_file)
+
+      if 'idspace' not in document \
+         or type(document['idspace']) is not str:
+        raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "idspace" string')
+      idspace = document['idspace']
+
+      if 'base_url' not in document \
+         or type(document['base_url']) is not str:
+        raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "base_url" string')
+      base_url = document['base_url']
+
+      tests = []
+
+      # Collect the tests to run.
+      if 'base_redirect' in document:
+        tests += [{
+          'source': base_url,
+          'replacement': document['base_redirect'],
+          'status': '302'
+        }]
+
+      if 'products' in document \
+         and type(document['products']) is list:
+        i = 0
+        for product in document['products']:
+          i += 1
+          tests += process_product(i, product)
+
+      if 'term_browser' in document \
+         and document['term_browser'].strip().lower() == 'ontobee' \
+         and 'example_terms' in document \
+         and type(document['example_terms']) is list:
+        i = 0
+        for example_term in document['example_terms']:
+          i += 1
+          tests += process_ontobee(idspace, i, example_term)
+
+      if 'tests' in document:
+        i = 0
+        status = '302'
+        for test_entry in document['tests']:
+          i += 1
+          test = {'status': status}
+          if 'from' in test_entry:
+            test['source'] = base_url + test_entry['from']
+          if 'to' in test_entry:
+            test['replacement'] = test_entry['to']
+          if 'source' in test and 'replacement' in test:
+            tests.append(test)
+          else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid test %d in global tests' % i)
+
+      if 'entries' in document \
+         and type(document['entries']) is list:
+        i = 0
+        for entry in document['entries']:
+          i += 1
+          tests += process_entry(base_url, i, entry)
+
+      # Write report table header.
+      report_file.write('\t'.join([
+        'Result', 'Source URL',
+        'Expected Status', 'Expected URL',
+        'Actual Status', 'Actual URL'
+      ]) + '\n')
+
+      # Run the tests and add results to the report table.
+      conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(args.domain, timeout=args.timeout)
+      for test in tests:
+        results = run_test(conn, test)
+        if results[0] == 'FAIL':
+          print("FAILURE when checking {}. See {} for details."
+                .format(yaml_file.name, report_file.name))
+          failures.append(idspace)
+        report_file.write('\t'.join(results) + '\n')
+        report_file.flush()
+        time.sleep(args.delay)
+
+  if failures:
+    print("The following idspaces encountered failures: {}.\n"
+          "For more details, see their corresponding TSV files in '{}'.\n"
+          "To re-run tests for just those idspaces, use the script '{}'."
+          .format(', '.join(failures), args.output, __file__))
 
 
 def process_product(i, product):
@@ -131,13 +156,14 @@ def process_product(i, product):
 
 ontobee = 'http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?o=%s&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/'
 
+
 def process_ontobee(idspace, i, example_term):
   """Given an ontology IDSPACE, an index, and an example term ID,
   return a list with a test to run."""
   return [{
     'source': '/obo/' + example_term,
     'replacement': (ontobee % idspace) + example_term,
-    #'replacement': 'http://ontologies.berkeleybop.org/' + example_term,
+    # 'replacement': 'http://ontologies.berkeleybop.org/' + example_term,
     'status': '303'
   }]
 
@@ -153,9 +179,9 @@ def process_entry(base_url, i, entry):
     raise ValueError('Entry %d is invalid: "%s"' % (i, entry))
 
   # Validate "replacement" field
-  if not 'replacement' in entry \
-      or entry['replacement'] is None \
-      or entry['replacement'].strip() == '':
+  if 'replacement' not in entry \
+     or entry['replacement'] is None \
+     or entry['replacement'].strip() == '':
     raise ValueError('Missing "replacement" field for entry %d' % i)
 
   # Validate status code.
@@ -172,7 +198,6 @@ def process_entry(base_url, i, entry):
   test['status'] = status
 
   # Determine the type for this entry.
-  types = []
   if 'exact' in entry:
     test['source'] = base_url + entry['exact']
     test['replacement'] = entry['replacement']
diff --git a/tools/translate-base-redirects.py b/tools/translate-base-redirects.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 108c76a4..00000000
--- a/tools/translate-base-redirects.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Reads a YAML file with a `base_redirect` field
-# and writes Apache mod_alias RedirectMatch directives. See:
-#
-# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_alias.html
-#
-# If the YAML file does not contain `base_redirect`,
-# then no output is generated.
-
-import argparse, sys, yaml, re
-from urllib.parse import unquote
-
-header_template = '''# Base redirect for %s
-'''
-
-# Parse command line arguments,
-# read entries from the YAML file,
-# and write the Apache .htaccess file.
-def main():
-  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Translate YAML `base_redirect` to .htaccess')
-  parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the YAML file (or STDIN)')
-  parser.add_argument('htaccess_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the .htaccess file (or STDOUT)')
-  args = parser.parse_args()
-
-  # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
-  document = yaml.load(args.yaml_file)
-
-  if not 'idspace' in document \
-      or type(document['idspace']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "idspace" string')
-  idspace = document['idspace']
-
-  if not 'base_url' in document \
-      or type(document['base_url']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "base_url" string')
-
-  if 'base_redirect' in document and type(document['base_redirect']) is str:
-    base_url = unquote(document['base_url'])
-    base_redirect = unquote(document['base_redirect'])
-    args.htaccess_file.write(header_template % idspace)
-    directive = 'RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^%s$" "%s"' % (base_url, base_redirect)
-    args.htaccess_file.write(directive + '\n\n')
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
diff --git a/tools/translate-entries.py b/tools/translate-entries.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 0794795a..00000000
--- a/tools/translate-entries.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Reads a YAML file with a `base_url` and a list of `entries`
-# and writes Apache mod_alias RedirectMatch directives. See:
-#
-# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_alias.html
-#
-# There are three types of entries:
-#
-# - exact: match an exact URL string
-#   and redirect to an exact URL
-# - prefix: match a URL prefix string,
-#   from the start of the request URL,
-#   and redirect to the "replacement" field plus
-#   any string following the prefix in the request
-# - regex: use any regular expression
-#   allowed by RedirectMatch
-#
-# Entries can have these fields:
-#
-# - exact/prefix/regex: the URL string or regex to match;
-#   exactly one required;
-#   should begin with a slash "/" except for some regexs
-# - replacement: the URL string or regex to redirect to;
-#   exactly one required
-# - status: HTTP status for redirect;
-#   zero or one value; defaults to "temporary";
-#   can be "permanent" (301) or "temporary" (302);
-#   (Apache uses "temp" for "temporary")
-# - tests: an optional list of tests
-#   each test requires a `from` value, like `exact`,
-#   and a `to` value, like `replacement`
-#
-# See the `tools/config.schema.yml` for more details.
-#
-# For the "exact" and "prefix" types,
-# the URL strings are rewritten as escaped regular expressions,
-# with a "^base_url" prefix and a "$" suffix.
-# Any regular expression special characters (e.g. ., *, ?, [])
-# will be escaped: they will not match as regular expressions.
-#
-# For the "prefix" type, "(.*)" is also appended to the "prefix" field
-# and "$1" is appended to the "to" field,
-# to configure the prefix match.
-#
-# For the "regex" type, the "" and "to" fields
-# are assumed to be valid regular expressions,
-# **including** the `base_url`,
-# and are not checked or modified.
-#
-# **Only** use "regex" if "exact" or "prefix" are insufficient.
-#
-# The order of YAML objects will be the order
-# of the Apache directives.
-# If no entries are found,
-# the generated file will have a header comment
-# without any directives.
-
-import argparse, sys, yaml, re
-from urllib.parse import unquote
-
-header_template = '''# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!
-# Automatically generated from "%s".
-# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.
-
-'''
-
-# Parse command line arguments,
-# read entries from the YAML file,
-# and write the Apache .htaccess file.
-def main():
-  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Translate YAML `entries` to .htaccess')
-  parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the YAML file (or STDIN)')
-  parser.add_argument('htaccess_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the .htaccess file (or STDOUT)')
-  args = parser.parse_args()
-
-  # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
-  document = yaml.load(args.yaml_file)
-
-  if not 'base_url' in document \
-      or type(document['base_url']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "base_url" string')
-  base_url = document['base_url']
-
-  args.htaccess_file.write(header_template % args.yaml_file.name)
-
-  if 'entries' in document and type(document['entries']) is list:
-    i = 0
-    for entry in document['entries']:
-      i += 1
-      args.htaccess_file.write(process_entry(base_url, i, entry) + '\n')
-
-
-def clean_source(s):
-  """Given a URL string,
-  return an escaped regular expression for matching that string.
-  Only forward-slashes are not escaped."""
-  r = s.strip()
-  r = re.escape(r)
-  r = r.replace('\\/', '/')
-  return r
-
-
-def process_entry(base_url, i, entry):
-  """Given a base URL, an index, and an entry dictionary,
-  ensure that the entry is valid,
-  and return an Apache RedirectMatch directive string."""
-  source = ''
-  replacement = ''
-
-  # Check entry data type
-  if type(entry) is not dict:
-    raise ValueError('Entry %d is not a YAML map: "%s"' % (i, entry))
-
-  # Validate "replacement" field
-  if not 'replacement' in entry \
-      or entry['replacement'] is None \
-      or entry['replacement'].strip() == '':
-    raise ValueError('Missing "replacement" field for entry %d' % i)
-
-  # Determine the type for this entry.
-  types = []
-  if 'exact' in entry:
-    source = '(?i)^%s%s$' % (base_url, clean_source(entry['exact']))
-    replacement = entry['replacement']
-    types.append('exact')
-  if 'prefix' in entry:
-    source = '(?i)^%s%s(.*)$' % (base_url, clean_source(entry['prefix']))
-    replacement = entry['replacement'] + '$1'
-    types.append('prefix')
-  if 'regex' in entry:
-    source = entry['regex']
-    replacement = entry['replacement']
-    types.append('regex')
-
-  # Ensure that there is no more than one "type" key.
-  if len(types) < 1:
-    raise ValueError('Entry %d does not have a type; see "replacement: %s"'
-        % (i, entry['replacement']))
-  elif len(types) > 1:
-    raise ValueError('Entry %d has multiple types: %s; see "replacement: %s"'
-        % (i, ', '.join(types), entry['replacement']))
-
-  # Validate status code
-  status = 'temporary'
-  if 'status' in entry:
-    if entry['status'] in ('permanent', 'temporary', 'see other'):
-      status = entry['status']
-    else:
-      raise ValueError('Invalid status "%s" for entry %d' % (entry['status'], i))
-
-  # Switch to Apache's preferred names
-  if status == 'temporary':
-    status = 'temp'
-  elif status == 'see other':
-    status = 'seeother'
-
-  source = unquote(source)
-  replacement = unquote(replacement)
-
-  return 'RedirectMatch %s "%s" "%s"' % (status, source, replacement)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
diff --git a/tools/translate-products.py b/tools/translate-products.py
deleted file mode 100755
index b8baa748..00000000
--- a/tools/translate-products.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Reads a YAML file with a list of `products`
-# and writes Apache mod_alias RedirectMatch directives. See:
-#
-# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_alias.html
-#
-# The order of YAML objects will be the order
-# of the Apache directives.
-# If no products are found, no output is generated.
-
-import argparse, sys, yaml, re
-from urllib.parse import unquote
-
-header_template = '''# Products for %s
-'''
-
-# Parse command line arguments,
-# read entries from the YAML file,
-# and write the Apache .htaccess file.
-def main():
-  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Translate YAML `products` to .htaccess')
-  parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the YAML file (or STDIN)')
-  parser.add_argument('htaccess_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the .htaccess file (or STDOUT)')
-  args = parser.parse_args()
-
-  # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
-  document = yaml.load(args.yaml_file)
-
-  if not 'idspace' in document \
-      or type(document['idspace']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "idspace" string')
-  idspace = document['idspace']
-
-  if 'products' in document and type(document['products']) is list:
-    args.htaccess_file.write(header_template % idspace)
-    i = 0
-    for product in document['products']:
-      i += 1
-      args.htaccess_file.write(process_product(i, product) + '\n')
-    args.htaccess_file.write('\n')
-
-
-def process_product(i, product):
-  """Given an index, and a product dictionary with one key,
-  ensure that the entry is valid,
-  and return an Apache RedirectMatch directive string."""
-  for key in product:
-    source = unquote('(?i)^/obo/%s$' % key)
-    replacement = unquote(product[key])
-
-    return 'RedirectMatch temp "%s" "%s"' % (source, replacement)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
diff --git a/tools/translate-terms.py b/tools/translate-terms.py
deleted file mode 100755
index ed614c1c..00000000
--- a/tools/translate-terms.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Reads a YAML file with a `term_browser` entry
-# and an `example_terms` list,
-# and writes Apache mod_alias RedirectMatch directives. See:
-#
-# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_alias.html
-#
-# The order of YAML objects will be the order
-# of the Apache directives.
-# If no example_terms are found, no output is generated.
-#
-# Note: currently works only for `term_browser: ontobee`.
-# When `term_browser: custom` no output is generated.
-
-import argparse, sys, yaml, re
-
-header_template = '''# Term redirect for %s
-'''
-
-# Parse command line arguments,
-# read entries from the YAML file,
-# and write the Apache .htaccess file.
-def main():
-  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Translate YAML `example_terms` to .htaccess')
-  parser.add_argument('yaml_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('r'),
-      default=sys.stdin,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='read from the YAML file (or STDIN)')
-  parser.add_argument('htaccess_file',
-      type=argparse.FileType('w'),
-      default=sys.stdout,
-      nargs='?',
-      help='write to the .htaccess file (or STDOUT)')
-  args = parser.parse_args()
-
-  # Load YAML document and look for 'entries' list.
-  document = yaml.load(args.yaml_file)
-
-  if not 'idspace' in document \
-      or type(document['idspace']) is not str:
-    raise ValueError('YAML document must contain "idspace" string')
-  idspace = document['idspace']
-
-  if 'term_browser' in document and document['term_browser'].strip().lower() == 'ontobee':
-    args.htaccess_file.write(header_template % idspace)
-    replacement = 'http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?o=%s&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/%s_$1' % (idspace, idspace)
-    directive = 'RedirectMatch seeother "^/obo/%s_(\d+)$" "%s"' % (idspace, replacement)
-    args.htaccess_file.write(directive +'\n\n')
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
diff --git a/tools/translate_yaml.py b/tools/translate_yaml.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..971b16dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/translate_yaml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Reads either a list of YAML files, or a directory containing YAML files,
+and writes Apache mod_alias RedirectMatch directives to corresponding
+.htaccess files. See:
+
+https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_alias.html
+
+The `foo.yml` file will generate output for two targets:
+
+1. /www/obo/foo/.htaccess
+2. /www/obo/.htaccess
+
+Target (1) only applies to project `foo`.
+It is generated from `base_url` and the `entries` list.
+Projects have wide discretion for this target.
+
+Target (2) applies to all projects.
+The content is tightly constrained to avoid conflicts.
+This content is generated from other YAML fields,
+such as `products` and `term_browser`.
+
+Entries:
+=======
+
+There are three types of entries:
+
+- exact: match an exact URL string
+  and redirect to an exact URL
+- prefix: match a URL prefix string,
+  from the start of the request URL,
+  and redirect to the "replacement" field plus
+  any string following the prefix in the request
+- regex: use any regular expression
+  allowed by RedirectMatch
+
+Entries can have these fields:
+
+- exact/prefix/regex: the URL string or regex to match;
+  exactly one required;
+  should begin with a slash "/" except for some regexs
+- replacement: the URL string or regex to redirect to;
+  exactly one required
+- status: HTTP status for redirect;
+  zero or one value; defaults to "temporary";
+  can be "permanent" (301), "temporary" (302), or "see other" (303);
+  (Apache uses "temp" for "temporary")
+- tests: an optional list of tests
+  each test requires a `from` value, like `exact`,
+  and a `to` value, like `replacement`
+
+See the `tools/config.schema.json` for more details.
+
+For the "exact" and "prefix" types,
+the URL strings are rewritten as escaped regular expressions,
+with a "^base_url" prefix and a "$" suffix.
+Any regular expression special characters (e.g. ., *, ?, [])
+will be escaped: they will not match as regular expressions.
+
+For the "prefix" type, "(.*)" is also appended to the "prefix" field
+and "$1" is appended to the "to" field,
+to configure the prefix match.
+
+For the "regex" type, the "" and "to" fields
+are assumed to be valid regular expressions,
+**including** the `base_url`,
+and are not checked or modified.
+
+**Only** use "regex" if "exact" or "prefix" are insufficient.
+
+The order of YAML objects will be the order
+of the Apache directives.
+If no entries are found,
+the generated file will have a header comment
+without any directives.
+
+Base redirects, Products, and Terms
+===================================
+
+These fields are optional. If the YAML input does not contain them, no
+corresponding output will be generated.
+
+Note that in the case of terms, only `term_browser: ontobee` is currently
+supported. When `term_browser: custom` is used no output is generated.
+"""
+
+import functools
+import json
+import jsonschema
+import re
+import os
+import sys
+import yaml
+
+from argparse import ArgumentParser
+from glob import glob
+from urllib.parse import unquote
+
+pwd = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
+schemafile = "{}/config.schema.json".format(pwd)
+
+
+def load_and_validate(yamlname, schema):
+  try:
+    yamlfile = open(yamlname)
+    yamldoc = yaml.load(yamlfile)
+    jsonschema.validate(yamldoc, schema)
+  except (FileNotFoundError, IsADirectoryError, yaml.YAMLError) as e:
+    print(e, file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+  except jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError as e:
+    print("In file: {}:\n{}".format(yamlname, e), file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+  # The following two errors should not occur, since the presence of `base_url` and `idspace`
+  # should have been enforced by the above jsonschema validation step. But we double-check anyway.
+  if 'base_url' not in yamldoc \
+     or type(yamldoc['base_url']) is not str:
+    print('YAML document must contain "base_url" string', file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+  if 'idspace' not in yamldoc \
+     or type(yamldoc['idspace']) is not str:
+    print('YAML document must contain "idspace" string', file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+  # jsonschema is not sophisticated enough to validate this one, so we do it here:
+  if os.path.basename(yamldoc['base_url']).lower() != yamldoc['idspace'].lower():
+    print("WARNING: Base URL '{}' must end with '{}', not '{}'"
+          .format(yamldoc['base_url'], yamldoc['idspace'], os.path.basename(yamldoc['base_url'])))
+
+  return yamldoc
+
+
+def clean_source(s):
+  """
+  Given a URL string,
+  return an escaped regular expression for matching that string.
+  Only forward-slashes are not escaped.
+  """
+  r = s.strip()
+  r = re.escape(r)
+  r = r.replace('\\/', '/')
+  return r
+
+
+def process_entry(base_url, i, entry):
+  """
+  Given a base URL, an index, and an entry dictionary,
+  ensure that the entry is valid,
+  and return an Apache RedirectMatch directive string.
+  """
+  source = ''
+  replacement = ''
+
+  # Check entry data type
+  if type(entry) is not dict:
+    raise ValueError('Entry %d is not a YAML map: "%s"' % (i, entry))
+
+  # Validate that "replacement" field exists. If it is missing it should have been caught by the
+  # jsonschema validation step (see above), but we double-check anyway:
+  if 'replacement' not in entry \
+     or entry['replacement'] is None \
+     or entry['replacement'].strip() == '':
+    raise ValueError('Missing "replacement" field for entry %d' % i)
+
+  # Determine the type for this entry.
+  types = []
+  if 'exact' in entry:
+    source = '(?i)^%s%s$' % (base_url, clean_source(entry['exact']))
+    replacement = entry['replacement']
+    types.append('exact')
+  if 'prefix' in entry:
+    source = '(?i)^%s%s(.*)$' % (base_url, clean_source(entry['prefix']))
+    replacement = entry['replacement'] + '$1'
+    types.append('prefix')
+  if 'regex' in entry:
+    source = entry['regex']
+    replacement = entry['replacement']
+    types.append('regex')
+
+  # Ensure that there is exactly one "type" key.
+  if len(types) < 1:
+    raise ValueError('Entry %d does not have a type; see "replacement: %s"'
+                     % (i, entry['replacement']))
+  elif len(types) > 1:
+    raise ValueError('Entry %d has multiple types: %s; see "replacement: %s"'
+                     % (i, ', '.join(types), entry['replacement']))
+
+  # Validate status code. Any error here should have been caught by the jsonschema validation
+  # (see above), but we double-check here anyway:
+  status = 'temporary'
+  if 'status' in entry:
+    if entry['status'] in ('permanent', 'temporary', 'see other'):
+      status = entry['status']
+    else:
+      raise ValueError('Invalid status "%s" for entry %d' % (entry['status'], i))
+
+  # Switch to Apache's preferred names
+  if status == 'temporary':
+    status = 'temp'
+  elif status == 'see other':
+    status = 'seeother'
+
+  source = unquote(source)
+  replacement = unquote(replacement)
+
+  return 'RedirectMatch %s "%s" "%s"' % (status, source, replacement)
+
+
+def translate_entries(yamldoc, base_url):
+  """
+  Reads the field `entries` from the YAML document, processes each entry that is read using the
+  given base_url, and appends them all to a list of processed entries that is then returned.
+  """
+  if 'entries' in yamldoc and type(yamldoc['entries']) is list:
+    entries = []
+    for i, entry in enumerate(yamldoc['entries']):
+      entries.append(process_entry(base_url, i, entry))
+    return entries
+
+
+def write_entries(entries, yamlname, outfile):
+  """
+  Write the given entries to the given output stream, indicating the source YAML file
+  from which the entries were extracted. Note that it is assumed that the output stream,
+  `outfile` is open for writing.
+  """
+  outfile.write('# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE!\n'
+                '# Automatically generated from "%s".\n'
+                '# Edit that source file then regenerate this file.\n\n'
+                % yamlname)
+  for entry in entries or []:
+    outfile.write('{}\n'.format(entry))
+
+
+def translate_base_redirects(yamldoc):
+  """
+  Reads the fields `base_redirect` and `base_url` from the given YAML document and
+  generates a corresponding Apache directive string that is then returned.
+  """
+  if 'base_redirect' in yamldoc and type(yamldoc['base_redirect']) is str:
+    base_url = unquote(yamldoc['base_url'])
+    base_redirect = unquote(yamldoc['base_redirect'])
+    directive = 'RedirectMatch temp "(?i)^%s$" "%s"' % (base_url, base_redirect)
+    return directive
+
+
+def append_base_redirect(base_redirect, idspace, outfile):
+  """
+  Appends the given base_redirect string for the given idspace to the given output stream.
+  """
+  if base_redirect:
+    outfile.write('# Base redirect for %s\n' % idspace)
+    outfile.write(base_redirect + '\n\n')
+
+
+def process_product(product):
+  """
+  Given a product dictionary with one key,
+  ensure that the entry is valid,
+  and return an Apache RedirectMatch directive string.
+  """
+  key = [k for k in product].pop()
+  source = unquote('(?i)^/obo/%s$' % key)
+  replacement = unquote(product[key])
+  return 'RedirectMatch temp "%s" "%s"' % (source, replacement)
+
+
+def translate_products(yamldoc):
+  """
+  Reads the `products` field from the given YAML document, processes each product that is read,
+  and appends them all to a list of processed products that is then returned.
+  """
+  if 'products' in yamldoc and type(yamldoc['products']) is list:
+    products_have_owl = False
+    products = []
+    for product in yamldoc['products']:
+      key = [k for k in product].pop()
+      if not (key.lower().endswith('.owl') or key.lower().endswith('.obo')):
+        # If we want to enforce this condition, the way to do it is to add
+        # `"additionalProperties": false` right after `patternProperties` in the schema file.
+        print("WARNING: In project '{}', product: '{}' does not end with '.owl' or '.obo'"
+              .format(yamldoc['idspace'], key))
+      if key.endswith('.owl'):
+        products_have_owl = True
+
+      products.append(process_product(product))
+
+    if not products_have_owl:
+      print("WARNING: In project '{}': Mandatory .owl entry missing from product list."
+            .format(yamldoc['idspace']))
+
+    return products
+
+
+def append_products(products, idspace, outfile):
+  """
+  Appends the given list of products for the given idspace to the given output stream. Note that it
+  it is assumed that the output stream `outfile` is open for appending.
+  """
+  if products:
+    outfile.write('# Products for %s\n' % idspace)
+    for product in products:
+      outfile.write(product + '\n')
+    outfile.write('\n')
+
+
+def translate_terms(yamldoc, idspace):
+  """
+  Reads the `term_browser` field from the given YAML document, validates that it is a supported
+  term browser, and returns a corresponding Apache redirect statement.
+  """
+  if 'term_browser' in yamldoc and yamldoc['term_browser'].strip().lower() == 'ontobee':
+    replacement = ('http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?'
+                   'o=%s&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/%s_$1'
+                   % (idspace, idspace))
+    return 'RedirectMatch seeother "^/obo/%s_(\d+)$" "%s"' % (idspace, replacement)
+
+
+def append_term(term, idspace, outfile):
+  """
+  Appends the given term for the given idspace to the given output stream. Note that it is
+  assumed that the output stream `outfile` is open for appending.
+  """
+  if term:
+    outfile.write('# Term redirect for %s\n' % idspace)
+    outfile.write(term + '\n\n')
+
+
+# Parse command line arguments,
+# read entries from the YAML file,
+# and write the Apache .htaccess files.
+def main():
+  parser = ArgumentParser(description='''
+  Translates YAML files to .htaccess.
+
+  If a list of input YAML files is specified, then a .htaccess file is generated
+  corresponding to each given YAML file, containing the `entries` specified in the
+  YAML file. If a directory containing YAML files is specified instead, then in
+  addition, the base redirects, terms, and products specified in the YAML file of
+  each project will be appended to the top-level obo/.htaccess file in the given
+  output directory.''')
+
+  # This option is required:
+  parser.add_argument('--output_dir', metavar='DIR', type=str, required=True,
+                      help='Root directory to write to for project-specific .htaccess files')
+  # The following options cannot be used simultaneously, but one of them needs to be specified:
+  group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
+  group.add_argument('--input_files', metavar='YML', type=str, nargs='+',
+                     help='List of YAML input files')
+  group.add_argument('--input_dir', metavar='DIR', type=str,
+                     help='Directory containing YAML input files')
+  args = parser.parse_args()
+
+  # Create the output directory, if it does not already exist. If this isn't possible, fail. Note
+  # that if the directory already exists, then the files inside will be overwritten.
+  normalised_output_dir = os.path.normpath(args.output_dir)
+  try:
+    os.makedirs(normalised_output_dir)
+  except FileExistsError:
+    pass
+
+  schema = json.load(open(schemafile))
+  entries = {}
+  base_redirects = {}
+  products = {}
+  terms = {}
+  if args.input_files:
+    # If only a sequence of YAML filenames is given, then just write the entries found within
+    # those files but not the base redirects, products, or terms.
+    for yamlname in args.input_files:
+      yamldoc = load_and_validate(yamlname, schema)
+      base_url = yamldoc['base_url']
+      # Extract the entries for the project from the YAML file:
+      entries = translate_entries(yamldoc, base_url)
+      # Write the entries for the given project to its project-specific .htaccess file, located
+      # in a subdirectory under the given output directory. Note that if the subdirectory already
+      # exists, the files inside will simply be overriden:
+      yamlroot = re.sub('\.yml$', '', os.path.basename(yamlname))
+      try:
+        os.mkdir('{}/{}'.format(normalised_output_dir, yamlroot))
+      except FileExistsError:
+        pass
+      with open('{}/{}/.htaccess'.format(normalised_output_dir, yamlroot), 'w') as outfile:
+        write_entries(entries, yamlname, outfile)
+  elif args.input_dir:
+    if not os.path.isdir(args.input_dir):
+      print("{} is not a directory.".format(args.input_dir))
+      sys.exit(1)
+
+    @functools.cmp_to_key
+    def cmp(s, t):
+      "Case-insensitive sort, longer names first"
+      s = s.lower()
+      t = t.lower()
+      s_pad = (s + t[len(s):] + 'z') if len(s) < len(t) else s
+      t_pad = (t + s[len(t):] + 'z') if len(t) < len(s) else t
+      if s_pad < t_pad:
+        return -1
+      if s_pad > t_pad:
+        return 1
+      return 0
+
+    normalised_input_dir = os.path.normpath(args.input_dir)
+    for yamlname in sorted(glob("{}/*.yml".format(normalised_input_dir)), key=cmp):
+      yamldoc = load_and_validate(yamlname, schema)
+      base_url = yamldoc['base_url']
+      # `idspace` and `yamlroot` are synonyms. The former is taken from the `idspace` specified
+      # within the given YAML file, while the latter is derived from the filename. They need to
+      # match (up to a change of case - idspace is always uppercase while yamlroot is lower).
+      # If they do not match, emit a warning.
+      idspace = yamldoc['idspace']
+      yamlroot = re.sub('\.yml$', '', os.path.basename(yamlname))
+      if idspace.lower() != yamlroot.lower():
+        print("WARNING: idspace: {} does not match filename {}".format(idspace, yamlname))
+
+      # Collect the entries for the current idspace:
+      entries[idspace] = translate_entries(yamldoc, base_url)
+      # Write the entries to the idspace's project-specific file located in its own subdirectory
+      # under the output directory, as well as a symlink to the project subdirectory in the
+      # output directory. If the files/directories already exist, they will be overwritten.
+      try:
+        projdir = '{}/{}'.format(normalised_output_dir, yamlroot)
+        symlink = '{}/{}'.format(normalised_output_dir, idspace)
+        os.mkdir(projdir)
+        os.symlink(os.path.basename(projdir), symlink, target_is_directory=True)
+      except FileExistsError:
+        pass
+      with open('{}/{}/.htaccess'.format(normalised_output_dir, yamlroot), 'w') as outfile:
+        write_entries(entries[idspace], yamlname, outfile)
+
+      # Extract the idspace's base redirects, products, and terms but do not write them yet:
+      base_redirects[idspace] = translate_base_redirects(yamldoc)
+      products[idspace] = translate_products(yamldoc)
+      terms[idspace] = translate_terms(yamldoc, idspace)
+
+    # Now write the entries for the 'OBO' idspace to a global .htaccess file located at the top
+    # level of the output directory:
+    with open('{}/.htaccess'.format(normalised_output_dir), 'w') as outfile:
+      write_entries(entries['OBO'], '{}/obo.yml'.format(normalised_input_dir), outfile)
+
+    # Append the base redirects, products, and terms to the global .htaccess file:
+    with open('{}/.htaccess'.format(normalised_output_dir), 'a') as outfile:
+      outfile.write('\n### Generated from project configuration files\n\n')
+      for idspace in sorted(base_redirects, key=cmp):
+        append_base_redirect(base_redirects[idspace], idspace, outfile)
+      for idspace in sorted(products, key=cmp):
+        append_products(products[idspace], idspace, outfile)
+      for idspace in sorted(terms, key=cmp):
+        append_term(terms[idspace], idspace, outfile)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()