diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a740cd0d21..00f19a8cd4 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org).
 
 ### Added
 
-- Nothing yet.
+- CHOOSECOLS, CHOOSEROWS, DROP, TAKE, and EXPAND. [PR #4286](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/pull/4286)
 
 ### Changed
 
diff --git a/docs/references/function-list-by-category.md b/docs/references/function-list-by-category.md
index 458a59b39c..447c97367e 100644
--- a/docs/references/function-list-by-category.md
+++ b/docs/references/function-list-by-category.md
@@ -240,8 +240,12 @@ Excel Function           | PhpSpreadsheet Function
 ADDRESS                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Address::cell
 AREAS                    | **Not yet Implemented**
 CHOOSE                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Selection::CHOOSE
+CHOOSECOLS               | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::chooseCols
+CHOOSEROWS               | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::chooseRows
 COLUMN                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\RowColumnInformation::COLUMN
 COLUMNS                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\RowColumnInformation::COLUMNS
+DROP                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::drop
+EXPAND                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::expand
 FILTER                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Filter::filter
 FORMULATEXT              | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Formula::text
 GETPIVOTDATA             | **Not yet Implemented**
@@ -257,6 +261,7 @@ ROWS                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\RowCo
 RTD                      | **Not yet Implemented**
 SORT                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Sort::sort
 SORTBY                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Sort::sortBy
+TAKE                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::take
 TRANSPOSE                | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Matrix::transpose
 UNIQUE                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Unique::unique
 VLOOKUP                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\VLookup::lookup
@@ -283,8 +288,6 @@ BASE                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Base::
 CEILING                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Ceiling::ceiling
 CEILING.MATH             | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Ceiling::math
 CEILING.PRECISE          | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Ceiling::precise
-CHOOSECOLS               | **Not yet Implemented**
-CHOOSEROWS               | **Not yet Implemented**
 COMBIN                   | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Combinations::withoutRepetition
 COMBINA                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Combinations::withRepetition
 COS                      | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Cosine::cos
@@ -295,11 +298,9 @@ CSC                      | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\C
 CSCH                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Cosecant::csch
 DECIMAL                  | **Not yet Implemented**
 DEGREES                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Angle::toDegrees
-DROP                     | **Not yet Implemented**
 ECMA.CEILING             | **Not yet Implemented**
 EVEN                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Round::even
 EXP                      | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Exp::evaluate
-EXPAND                   | **Not yet Implemented**
 FACT                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Factorial::fact
 FACTDOUBLE               | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Factorial::factDouble
 FLOOR                    | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Floor::floor
@@ -353,7 +354,6 @@ SUMSQ                    | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\SumSqu
 SUMX2MY2                 | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\SumSquares::sumXSquaredMinusYSquared
 SUMX2PY2                 | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\SumSquares::sumXSquaredPlusYSquared
 SUMXMY2                  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\SumSquares::sumXMinusYSquared
-TAKE                     | **Not yet Implemented**
 TAN                      | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Tangent::tan
 TANH                     | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Tangent::tanh
 TOCOL                    | **Not yet Implemented**
diff --git a/docs/references/function-list-by-name.md b/docs/references/function-list-by-name.md
index addc2e3e97..868da519a2 100644
--- a/docs/references/function-list-by-name.md
+++ b/docs/references/function-list-by-name.md
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ CHISQ.INV.RT             | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpread
 CHISQ.TEST               | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Statistical\Distributions\ChiSquared::test
 CHITEST                  | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Statistical\Distributions\ChiSquared::test
 CHOOSE                   | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\Selection::CHOOSE
-CHOOSECOLS               | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | **Not yet Implemented**
-CHOOSEROWS               | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | **Not yet Implemented**
+CHOOSECOLS               | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::chooseCols
+CHOOSEROWS               | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::chooseRows
 CLEAN                    | CATEGORY_TEXT_AND_DATA         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\TextData\Trim::nonPrintable
 CODE                     | CATEGORY_TEXT_AND_DATA         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\TextData\CharacterConvert::code
 COLUMN                   | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\RowColumnInformation::COLUMN
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ DOLLAR                   | CATEGORY_TEXT_AND_DATA         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpread
 DOLLARDE                 | CATEGORY_FINANCIAL             | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Financial\Dollar::decimal
 DOLLARFR                 | CATEGORY_FINANCIAL             | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Financial\Dollar::fractional
 DPRODUCT                 | CATEGORY_DATABASE              | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Database\DProduct::evaluate
-DROP                     | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | **Not yet Implemented**
+DROP                     | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::drop
 DSTDEV                   | CATEGORY_DATABASE              | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Database\DStDev::evaluate
 DSTDEVP                  | CATEGORY_DATABASE              | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Database\DStDevP::evaluate
 DSUM                     | CATEGORY_DATABASE              | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Database\DSum::evaluate
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ ERROR.TYPE               | CATEGORY_INFORMATION           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpread
 EVEN                     | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Round::even
 EXACT                    | CATEGORY_TEXT_AND_DATA         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\TextData\Text::exact
 EXP                      | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Exp::evaluate
-EXPAND                   | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | **Not yet Implemented**
+EXPAND                   | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::expand
 EXPON.DIST               | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Statistical\Distributions\Exponential::distribution
 EXPONDIST                | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Statistical\Distributions\Exponential::distribution
 
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ T.DIST.RT                | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | **Not yet Implemente
 T.INV                    | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Statistical\Distributions\StudentT::inverse
 T.INV.2T                 | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | **Not yet Implemented**
 T.TEST                   | CATEGORY_STATISTICAL           | **Not yet Implemented**
-TAKE                     | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | **Not yet Implemented**
+TAKE                     | CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE  | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::take
 TAN                      | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Tangent::tan
 TANH                     | CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG         | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig\Trig\Tangent::tanh
 TBILLEQ                  | CATEGORY_FINANCIAL             | \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Financial\TreasuryBill::bondEquivalentYield
diff --git a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Calculation.php b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Calculation.php
index ab52fb1af9..c31ea2c749 100644
--- a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Calculation.php
+++ b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Calculation.php
@@ -553,13 +553,13 @@ public static function getExcelConstants(string $key): bool|null
             'argumentCount' => '2+',
         ],
         'CHOOSECOLS' => [
-            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG,
-            'functionCall' => [Functions::class, 'DUMMY'],
+            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE,
+            'functionCall' => [LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::class, 'chooseCols'],
             'argumentCount' => '2+',
         ],
         'CHOOSEROWS' => [
-            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG,
-            'functionCall' => [Functions::class, 'DUMMY'],
+            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE,
+            'functionCall' => [LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::class, 'chooseRows'],
             'argumentCount' => '2+',
         ],
         'CLEAN' => [
@@ -925,8 +925,8 @@ public static function getExcelConstants(string $key): bool|null
             'argumentCount' => '3',
         ],
         'DROP' => [
-            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG,
-            'functionCall' => [Functions::class, 'DUMMY'],
+            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE,
+            'functionCall' => [LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::class, 'drop'],
             'argumentCount' => '2-3',
         ],
         'DSTDEV' => [
@@ -1025,8 +1025,8 @@ public static function getExcelConstants(string $key): bool|null
             'argumentCount' => '1',
         ],
         'EXPAND' => [
-            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG,
-            'functionCall' => [Functions::class, 'DUMMY'],
+            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE,
+            'functionCall' => [LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::class, 'expand'],
             'argumentCount' => '2-4',
         ],
         'EXPONDIST' => [
@@ -2485,8 +2485,8 @@ public static function getExcelConstants(string $key): bool|null
             'argumentCount' => '1',
         ],
         'TAKE' => [
-            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_MATH_AND_TRIG,
-            'functionCall' => [Functions::class, 'DUMMY'],
+            'category' => Category::CATEGORY_LOOKUP_AND_REFERENCE,
+            'functionCall' => [LookupRef\ChooseRowsEtc::class, 'take'],
             'argumentCount' => '2-3',
         ],
         'TAN' => [
diff --git a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Functions.php b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Functions.php
index 9a094966a3..5ee2dfd7a4 100644
--- a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Functions.php
+++ b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Functions.php
@@ -230,6 +230,32 @@ public static function flattenArray(mixed $array): array
         return $flattened;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Convert a multi-dimensional array to a simple 1-dimensional array.
+     * Same as above but argument is specified in ... format.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $array Array to be flattened
+     *
+     * @return array Flattened array
+     */
+    public static function flattenArray2(mixed ...$array): array
+    {
+        $flattened = [];
+        $stack = array_values($array);
+
+        while (!empty($stack)) {
+            $value = array_shift($stack);
+
+            if (is_array($value)) {
+                array_unshift($stack, ...array_values($value));
+            } else {
+                $flattened[] = $value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $flattened;
+    }
+
     public static function scalar(mixed $value): mixed
     {
         if (!is_array($value)) {
diff --git a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/LookupRef/ChooseRowsEtc.php b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/LookupRef/ChooseRowsEtc.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97303e7533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/LookupRef/ChooseRowsEtc.php
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Information\ExcelError;
+
+class ChooseRowsEtc
+{
+    /**
+     * Transpose 2-dimensional array.
+     * See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/797251/transposing-multidimensional-arrays-in-php
+     * especially the comment from user17994717.
+     *
+     * @param mixed[] $array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]
+     */
+    public static function transpose(array $array): array
+    {
+        return empty($array) ? [] : (array_map((count($array) === 1) ? (fn ($x) => [$x]) : null, ...$array)); // @phpstan-ignore-line
+    }
+
+    /** @return mixed[] */
+    private static function arrayValues(mixed $array): array
+    {
+        return is_array($array) ? array_values($array) : [$array];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CHOOSECOLS.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $input expecting two-dimensional array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]|string
+     */
+    public static function chooseCols(mixed $input, mixed ...$args): array|string
+    {
+        if (!is_array($input)) {
+            $input = [[$input]];
+        }
+        $retval = self::chooseRows(self::transpose($input), ...$args);
+
+        return is_array($retval) ? self::transpose($retval) : $retval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CHOOSEROWS.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $input expecting two-dimensional array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]|string
+     */
+    public static function chooseRows(mixed $input, mixed ...$args): array|string
+    {
+        if (!is_array($input)) {
+            $input = [[$input]];
+        }
+        $inputArray = [[]]; // no row 0
+        $numRows = 0;
+        foreach ($input as $inputRow) {
+            $inputArray[] = self::arrayValues($inputRow);
+            ++$numRows;
+        }
+        $outputArray = [];
+        foreach (Functions::flattenArray2(...$args) as $arg) {
+            if (!is_numeric($arg)) {
+                return ExcelError::VALUE();
+            }
+            $index = (int) $arg;
+            if ($index < 0) {
+                $index += $numRows + 1;
+            }
+            if ($index <= 0 || $index > $numRows) {
+                return ExcelError::VALUE();
+            }
+            $outputArray[] = $inputArray[$index];
+        }
+
+        return $outputArray;
+    }
+
+    private static function dropRows(array $array, mixed $offset): array|string
+    {
+        if ($offset === null) {
+            return $array;
+        }
+        if (!is_numeric($offset)) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $offset = (int) $offset;
+        $count = count($array);
+        if (abs($offset) >= $count) {
+            // In theory, this should be #CALC!, but Excel treats
+            // #CALC! as corrupt, and it's not worth figuring out why
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        if ($offset === 0) {
+            return $array;
+        }
+        if ($offset > 0) {
+            return array_slice($array, $offset);
+        }
+
+        return array_slice($array, 0, $count + $offset);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * DROP.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $input expect two-dimensional array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]|string
+     */
+    public static function drop(mixed $input, mixed $rows = null, mixed $columns = null): array|string
+    {
+        if (!is_array($input)) {
+            $input = [[$input]];
+        }
+        $inputArray = []; // no row 0
+        foreach ($input as $inputRow) {
+            $inputArray[] = self::arrayValues($inputRow);
+        }
+        $outputArray1 = self::dropRows($inputArray, $rows);
+        if (is_string($outputArray1)) {
+            return $outputArray1;
+        }
+        $outputArray2 = self::transpose($outputArray1);
+        $outputArray3 = self::dropRows($outputArray2, $columns);
+        if (is_string($outputArray3)) {
+            return $outputArray3;
+        }
+
+        return self::transpose($outputArray3);
+    }
+
+    private static function takeRows(array $array, mixed $offset): array|string
+    {
+        if ($offset === null) {
+            return $array;
+        }
+        if (!is_numeric($offset)) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $offset = (int) $offset;
+        if ($offset === 0) {
+            // should be #CALC! - see above
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $count = count($array);
+        if (abs($offset) >= $count) {
+            return $array;
+        }
+        if ($offset > 0) {
+            return array_slice($array, 0, $offset);
+        }
+
+        return array_slice($array, $count + $offset);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TAKE.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $input expecting two-dimensional array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]|string
+     */
+    public static function take(mixed $input, mixed $rows, mixed $columns = null): array|string
+    {
+        if (!is_array($input)) {
+            $input = [[$input]];
+        }
+        if ($rows === null && $columns === null) {
+            return $input;
+        }
+        $inputArray = [];
+        foreach ($input as $inputRow) {
+            $inputArray[] = self::arrayValues($inputRow);
+        }
+        $outputArray1 = self::takeRows($inputArray, $rows);
+        if (is_string($outputArray1)) {
+            return $outputArray1;
+        }
+        $outputArray2 = self::transpose($outputArray1);
+        $outputArray3 = self::takeRows($outputArray2, $columns);
+        if (is_string($outputArray3)) {
+            return $outputArray3;
+        }
+
+        return self::transpose($outputArray3);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * EXPAND.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $input expecting two-dimensional array
+     *
+     * @return mixed[]|string
+     */
+    public static function expand(mixed $input, mixed $rows, mixed $columns = null, mixed $pad = '#N/A'): array|string
+    {
+        if (!is_array($input)) {
+            $input = [[$input]];
+        }
+        if ($rows === null && $columns === null) {
+            return $input;
+        }
+        $numRows = count($input);
+        $rows ??= $numRows;
+        if (!is_numeric($rows)) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $rows = (int) $rows;
+        if ($rows < count($input)) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $numCols = 0;
+        foreach ($input as $inputRow) {
+            $numCols = max($numCols, is_array($inputRow) ? count($inputRow) : 1);
+        }
+        $columns ??= $numCols;
+        if (!is_numeric($columns)) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $columns = (int) $columns;
+        if ($columns < $numCols) {
+            return ExcelError::VALUE();
+        }
+        $inputArray = [];
+        foreach ($input as $inputRow) {
+            $inputArray[] = array_pad(self::arrayValues($inputRow), $columns, $pad);
+        }
+        $outputArray = [];
+        $padRow = array_pad([], $columns, $pad);
+        for ($count = 0; $count < $rows; ++$count) {
+            $outputArray[] = ($count >= $numRows) ? $padRow : $inputArray[$count];
+        }
+
+        return $outputArray;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/AllSetupTeardown.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/AllSetupTeardown.php
index da8d350e4a..0f177c81f4 100644
--- a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/AllSetupTeardown.php
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/AllSetupTeardown.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
 
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
 use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Exception as CalcException;
 use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions;
 use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\DataType;
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ class AllSetupTeardown extends TestCase
 {
     protected string $compatibilityMode;
 
+    protected string $arrayReturnType;
+
     private ?Spreadsheet $spreadsheet = null;
 
     private ?Worksheet $sheet = null;
@@ -22,11 +25,13 @@ class AllSetupTeardown extends TestCase
     protected function setUp(): void
     {
         $this->compatibilityMode = Functions::getCompatibilityMode();
+        $this->arrayReturnType = Calculation::getArrayReturnType();
     }
 
     protected function tearDown(): void
     {
         Functions::setCompatibilityMode($this->compatibilityMode);
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType($this->arrayReturnType);
         $this->sheet = null;
         if ($this->spreadsheet !== null) {
             $this->spreadsheet->disconnectWorksheets();
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseColsTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseColsTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26c8eb45fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseColsTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\NamedRange;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class ChooseColsTest extends AllSetupTeardown
+{
+    #[DataProvider('providerChooseCols')]
+    public function testChooseCols(mixed $expectedResult, string $formula): void
+    {
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType(
+            Calculation::RETURN_ARRAY_AS_ARRAY
+        );
+        $this->mightHaveException($expectedResult);
+        $sheet = $this->getSheet();
+        $sheet->fromArray(
+            [
+                ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+                ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+                ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+                ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+                ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+                ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+                ['s', 't', 'u'],
+                ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+                ['y', 'z', '#'],
+            ],
+            null,
+            'B3',
+            true
+        );
+        $this->getSpreadsheet()->addNamedRange(
+            new NamedRange(
+                'definedname',
+                $sheet,
+                '$B$3:$D$11'
+            )
+        );
+
+        $sheet->setCellValue('F3', $formula);
+        $result = $sheet->getCell('F3')->getCalculatedValue();
+        self::assertSame($expectedResult, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function providerChooseCols(): array
+    {
+        return require 'tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSECOLS.php';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseRowsTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseRowsTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3766ea203b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ChooseRowsTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\NamedRange;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class ChooseRowsTest extends AllSetupTeardown
+{
+    #[DataProvider('providerChooseRows')]
+    public function testChooseRows(mixed $expectedResult, string $formula): void
+    {
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType(
+            Calculation::RETURN_ARRAY_AS_ARRAY
+        );
+        $this->mightHaveException($expectedResult);
+        $sheet = $this->getSheet();
+        $sheet->fromArray(
+            [
+                ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+                ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+                ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+                ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+                ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+                ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+                ['s', 't', 'u'],
+                ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+                ['y', 'z', '#'],
+            ],
+            null,
+            'B3',
+            true
+        );
+        $this->getSpreadsheet()->addNamedRange(
+            new NamedRange(
+                'definedname',
+                $sheet,
+                '$B$3:$D$11'
+            )
+        );
+
+        $sheet->setCellValue('F3', $formula);
+        $result = $sheet->getCell('F3')->getCalculatedValue();
+        self::assertSame($expectedResult, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function providerChooseRows(): array
+    {
+        return require 'tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSEROWS.php';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/DropTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/DropTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a8411464d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/DropTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\NamedRange;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class DropTest extends AllSetupTeardown
+{
+    #[DataProvider('providerDrop')]
+    public function testDrop(mixed $expectedResult, string $formula): void
+    {
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType(
+            Calculation::RETURN_ARRAY_AS_ARRAY
+        );
+        $this->mightHaveException($expectedResult);
+        $sheet = $this->getSheet();
+        $sheet->fromArray(
+            [
+                ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+                ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+                ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+                ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+                ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+                ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+                ['s', 't', 'u'],
+                ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+                ['y', 'z', '#'],
+            ],
+            null,
+            'B3',
+            true
+        );
+        $this->getSpreadsheet()->addNamedRange(
+            new NamedRange(
+                'definedname',
+                $sheet,
+                '$B$3:$D$11'
+            )
+        );
+
+        $sheet->setCellValue('F3', $formula);
+        $result = $sheet->getCell('F3')->getCalculatedValue();
+        self::assertSame($expectedResult, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function providerDrop(): array
+    {
+        return require 'tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/DROP.php';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ExpandTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ExpandTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b68c64005b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/ExpandTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\NamedRange;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class ExpandTest extends AllSetupTeardown
+{
+    #[DataProvider('providerExpand')]
+    public function testExpand(mixed $expectedResult, string $formula): void
+    {
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType(
+            Calculation::RETURN_ARRAY_AS_ARRAY
+        );
+        $this->mightHaveException($expectedResult);
+        $sheet = $this->getSheet();
+        $sheet->fromArray(
+            [
+                ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+                ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ],
+            null,
+            'B3',
+            true
+        );
+        $this->getSpreadsheet()->addNamedRange(
+            new NamedRange(
+                'definedname',
+                $sheet,
+                '$B$3:$D$11'
+            )
+        );
+
+        $sheet->setCellValue('F3', $formula);
+        $result = $sheet->getCell('F3')->getCalculatedValue();
+        self::assertSame($expectedResult, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function providerExpand(): array
+    {
+        return require 'tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/EXPAND.php';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/TakeTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/TakeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d03187ecf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Calculation/Functions/LookupRef/TakeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Calculation\Functions\LookupRef;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\NamedRange;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class TakeTest extends AllSetupTeardown
+{
+    #[DataProvider('providerTake')]
+    public function testTake(mixed $expectedResult, string $formula): void
+    {
+        Calculation::setArrayReturnType(
+            Calculation::RETURN_ARRAY_AS_ARRAY
+        );
+        $this->mightHaveException($expectedResult);
+        $sheet = $this->getSheet();
+        $sheet->fromArray(
+            [
+                ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+                ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+                ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+                ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+                ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+                ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+                ['s', 't', 'u'],
+                ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+                ['y', 'z', '#'],
+            ],
+            null,
+            'B3',
+            true
+        );
+        $this->getSpreadsheet()->addNamedRange(
+            new NamedRange(
+                'definedname',
+                $sheet,
+                '$B$3:$D$11'
+            )
+        );
+
+        $sheet->setCellValue('F3', $formula);
+        $result = $sheet->getCell('F3')->getCalculatedValue();
+        self::assertSame($expectedResult, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function providerTake(): array
+    {
+        return require 'tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/TAKE.php';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSECOLS.php b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSECOLS.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b548382cc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSECOLS.php
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+return [
+    'select last column' => [
+        [
+            ['c'],
+            ['f'],
+            ['i'],
+            ['l'],
+            ['o'],
+            ['r'],
+            ['u'],
+            ['x'],
+            ['#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, -1)',
+    ],
+    'select 1 column' => [
+        [
+            ['b'],
+            ['e'],
+            ['h'],
+            ['k'],
+            ['n'],
+            ['q'],
+            ['t'],
+            ['w'],
+            ['z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 2)',
+    ],
+    'fractional column' => [
+        [
+            ['b'],
+            ['e'],
+            ['h'],
+            ['k'],
+            ['n'],
+            ['q'],
+            ['t'],
+            ['w'],
+            ['z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 2.8)',
+    ],
+    'numeric string column' => [
+        [
+            ['b'],
+            ['e'],
+            ['h'],
+            ['k'],
+            ['n'],
+            ['q'],
+            ['t'],
+            ['w'],
+            ['z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, " 2.8 ")',
+    ],
+    'multiple columns including duplicates' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'a', 'b'],
+            ['e', 'd', 'e'],
+            ['h', 'g', 'h'],
+            ['k', 'j', 'k'],
+            ['n', 'm', 'n'],
+            ['q', 'p', 'q'],
+            ['t', 's', 't'],
+            ['w', 'v', 'w'],
+            ['z', 'y', 'z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 2, 1, 2)',
+    ],
+    'multiple columns mixed +/- mixed scalar/matrix' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'a', 'b'],
+            ['e', 'd', 'e'],
+            ['h', 'g', 'h'],
+            ['k', 'j', 'k'],
+            ['n', 'm', 'n'],
+            ['q', 'p', 'q'],
+            ['t', 's', 't'],
+            ['w', 'v', 'w'],
+            ['z', 'y', 'z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 2, {-3, 2})',
+    ],
+    'reverse Columns' => [
+        [
+            ['c', 'b', 'a'],
+            ['f', 'e', 'd'],
+            ['i', 'h', 'g'],
+            ['l', 'k', 'j'],
+            ['o', 'n', 'm'],
+            ['r', 'q', 'p'],
+            ['u', 't', 's'],
+            ['x', 'w', 'v'],
+            ['#', 'z', 'y'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, SEQUENCE(COLUMNS(B3:D11),,COLUMNS(B3:D11),-1))',
+    ],
+    'inline array' => [
+        [
+            ['c', 'b'],
+            ['f', 'e'],
+            ['i', 'h'],
+            ['l', 'k'],
+            ['o', 'n'],
+            ['r', 'q'],
+            ['u', 't'],
+            ['x', 'w'],
+            ['#', 'z'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, {3;2})',
+    ],
+    'inline array with negative numbers' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+            ['h', 'i'],
+            ['k', 'l'],
+            ['n', 'o'],
+            ['q', 'r'],
+            ['t', 'u'],
+            ['w', 'x'],
+            ['z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, {-2;-1})',
+    ],
+    'defined name' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+            ['h', 'i'],
+            ['k', 'l'],
+            ['n', 'o'],
+            ['q', 'r'],
+            ['t', 'u'],
+            ['w', 'x'],
+            ['z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(definedname, {-2;-1})',
+    ],
+    'only 1 argument' => [
+        'exception',
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11)',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, "x")',
+    ],
+    'positive column too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 4)',
+    ],
+    'negative column too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 1, -4)',
+    ],
+    'zero column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3:D11, 0)',
+    ],
+    'single cell' => [
+        [
+            ['a'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS(B3, 1)',
+    ],
+    'inline array rather than range' => [
+        [
+            [2, 1, 1],
+            [4, 3, 3],
+            [6, 5, 5],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSECOLS({1,2;3,4;5,6}, " 2.4 ", 1, 1)',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSEROWS.php b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSEROWS.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f0e456268
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/CHOOSEROWS.php
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+return [
+    'select last row' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, -1)',
+    ],
+    'fractional row' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, -1.8)',
+    ],
+    'numeric string row' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, " -1.8 ")',
+    ],
+    'select 1 row' => [
+        [
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 2)',
+    ],
+    'multiple rows including duplicates' => [
+        [
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 2, 1, 2)',
+    ],
+    'multiple rows mixed +/- mixed scalar/matrix' => [
+        [
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 2, {-3; 2})',
+    ],
+    'reverse Rows' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, SEQUENCE(ROWS(B3:D11),,ROWS(B3:D11),-1))',
+    ],
+    'inline array' => [
+        [
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, {3;2})',
+    ],
+    'inline array with negative numbers' => [
+        [
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, {-2;-1})',
+    ],
+    'named range' => [
+        [
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(definedname, {-2;-1})',
+    ],
+    'only 1 argument' => [
+        'exception',
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11)',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, "x")',
+    ],
+    'positive row too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 10)',
+    ],
+    'negative row too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 1, -10)',
+    ],
+    'zero row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3:D11, 0)',
+    ],
+    'single cell' => [
+        [
+            ['a'],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS(B3, 1)',
+    ],
+    'inline array rather than range' => [
+        [
+            [3, 4],
+            [1, 2],
+            [1, 2],
+        ],
+        '=CHOOSEROWS({1,2;3,4;5,6}, " 2.4 ", 1, 1)',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/DROP.php b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/DROP.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..628315772e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/DROP.php
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+return [
+    'drop last row' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, -1)',
+    ],
+    'drop first 2 rows' => [
+        [
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 2)',
+    ],
+    'drop last 2 columns' => [
+        [
+            ['a'],
+            ['d'],
+            ['g'],
+            ['j'],
+            ['m'],
+            ['p'],
+            ['s'],
+            ['v'],
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, , -2)',
+    ],
+    'drop first column' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+            ['h', 'i'],
+            ['k', 'l'],
+            ['n', 'o'],
+            ['q', 'r'],
+            ['t', 'u'],
+            ['w', 'x'],
+            ['z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, , 1)',
+    ],
+    'drop last row first column' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+            ['h', 'i'],
+            ['k', 'l'],
+            ['n', 'o'],
+            ['q', 'r'],
+            ['t', 'u'],
+            ['w', 'x'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, -1, 1)',
+    ],
+    'drop first 2 rows last 2 columns' => [
+        [
+            ['g'],
+            ['j'],
+            ['m'],
+            ['p'],
+            ['s'],
+            ['v'],
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 2, -2)',
+    ],
+    'drop first 2 rows last 2 columns fractional and string' => [
+        [
+            ['g'],
+            ['j'],
+            ['m'],
+            ['p'],
+            ['s'],
+            ['v'],
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 2.8, " -2.8 ")',
+    ],
+    'named range' => [
+        [
+            ['g'],
+            ['j'],
+            ['m'],
+            ['p'],
+            ['s'],
+            ['v'],
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(definedname, 2,-2)',
+    ],
+    'only 1 argument' => [
+        'exception',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11)',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, "x")',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 1, "x")',
+    ],
+    'positive row too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 20)',
+    ],
+    'negative row too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, -20)',
+    ],
+    'positive column too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, , 20)',
+    ],
+    'negative column too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, , -20)',
+    ],
+    'row okay column too large' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, -1, 20)',
+    ],
+    'zero row' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 0)',
+    ],
+    'zero column' => [
+        [
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=DROP(B3:D11, 1, 0)',
+    ],
+    'single cell' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=DROP(B3, 1)',
+    ],
+    'inline array rather than range' => [
+        [
+            [4],
+            [6],
+        ],
+        '=DROP({1,2;3,4;5,6}, 1, 1)',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/EXPAND.php b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/EXPAND.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d00f7a7005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/EXPAND.php
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+return [
+    'Add 2 rows' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['#N/A', '#N/A', '#N/A'],
+            ['#N/A', '#N/A', '#N/A'],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, 4)',
+    ],
+    'Add 1 colun' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c', '#N/A'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f', '#N/A'],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, , 4)',
+    ],
+    'Add 1 row 2 columns set cells to 0' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c', 0, 0],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f', 0, 0],
+            [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, 3, 5, 0)',
+    ],
+    'Fractional row and column' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c', 0, 0],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f', 0, 0],
+            [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, 3.2, 5.8, 0)',
+    ],
+    'only 1 argument' => [
+        'exception',
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4)',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, "x")',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, 1, "x")',
+    ],
+    'row too small' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, 1)',
+    ],
+    'column too small' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=EXPAND(B3:D4, , 2)',
+    ],
+    'single cell' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'xx'],
+            ['xx', 'xx'],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND(B3, 2, 2, "xx")',
+    ],
+    'inline array rather than range' => [
+        [
+            [1, 2, 0, 0],
+            [3, 4, 0, 0],
+            [5, 6, 0, 0],
+            [0, 0, 0, 0],
+        ],
+        '=EXPAND({1,2;3,4;5,6}, 4.4, " 4.5 ", 0)',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/TAKE.php b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/TAKE.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5ed8cf472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/Calculation/LookupRef/TAKE.php
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+return [
+    'take last row' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, -1)',
+    ],
+    'take first 2 rows' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 2)',
+    ],
+    'take last 2 columns' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+            ['h', 'i'],
+            ['k', 'l'],
+            ['n', 'o'],
+            ['q', 'r'],
+            ['t', 'u'],
+            ['w', 'x'],
+            ['z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, , -2)',
+    ],
+    'take first column' => [
+        [
+            ['a'],
+            ['d'],
+            ['g'],
+            ['j'],
+            ['m'],
+            ['p'],
+            ['s'],
+            ['v'],
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, , 1)',
+    ],
+    'take last row first column' => [
+        [
+            ['y'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, -1, 1)',
+    ],
+    'take first 2 rows last 2 columns' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 2, -2)',
+    ],
+    'take first 2 rows last 2 columns fractional and string' => [
+        [
+            ['b', 'c'],
+            ['e', 'f'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 2.8, " -2.8 ")',
+    ],
+    'named range' => [
+        [
+            ['x'],
+            ['#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(definedname, -2,-1)',
+    ],
+    'only 1 argument' => [
+        'exception',
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11)',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, "x")',
+    ],
+    'non-numeric column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 1, "x")',
+    ],
+    'positive row too large' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 20)',
+    ],
+    'negative row too large' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, -20)',
+    ],
+    'positive column too large' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, , 20)',
+    ],
+    'negative column too large' => [
+        [
+            ['a', 'b', 'c'],
+            ['d', 'e', 'f'],
+            ['g', 'h', 'i'],
+            ['j', 'k', 'l'],
+            ['m', 'n', 'o'],
+            ['p', 'q', 'r'],
+            ['s', 't', 'u'],
+            ['v', 'w', 'x'],
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, , -20)',
+    ],
+    'row okay column too large' => [
+        [
+            ['y', 'z', '#'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, -1, 20)',
+    ],
+    'zero row' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 0)',
+    ],
+    'zero column' => [
+        '#VALUE!',
+        '=TAKE(B3:D11, 1, 0)',
+    ],
+    'single cell' => [
+        [
+            ['a'],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE(B3, 1)',
+    ],
+    'inline array rather than range' => [
+        [
+            [1, 2],
+        ],
+        '=TAKE({1,2;3,4;5,6}, 1, 2)',
+    ],
+];