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<article id="post-Centos7配置k8s服务" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
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<a href="/2023/04/04/Centos7%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEk8s%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/" class="article-date">
<time class="dt-published" datetime="2023-04-04T13:58:03.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2023-04-04</time>
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<a class="p-name article-title" href="/2023/04/04/Centos7%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEk8s%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/">Centos7配置k8s服务</a>
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<h2 id="卸载旧版docker"><a href="#卸载旧版docker" class="headerlink" title="卸载旧版docker"></a>卸载旧版docker</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest \</span><br><span class="line"> docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>上述卸载命令并不会删除路径 /var/lib/docker/下的内容，此路径下所包含的 Docker 数据（镜像、容器、卷、网络）可以在新版 Docker下继续使用。最新版 Docker 的安装包名为 docker-ce.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="安装docker"><a href="#安装docker" class="headerlink" title="安装docker"></a>安装docker</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#安装必要的系统工具</span></span><br><span class="line">yum install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#添加yum软件源</span></span><br><span class="line">wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#安装</span></span><br><span class="line">yum install docker-ce</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#自启动</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl <span class="built_in">enable</span> docker && systemctl start docker</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#配置国内镜像</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cat</span> <<<span class="string">EOF | sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> "registry-mirrors": [</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> "https://mirror.baidubce.com"</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">EOF</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#重启服务</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl daemon-reload</span><br><span class="line">systemctl restart docker</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#添加docker用户分组(省略sudo启动)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#确认生效</span></span><br><span class="line">docker info</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="安装cri-dockerd"><a href="#安装cri-dockerd" class="headerlink" title="安装cri-dockerd"></a>安装cri-dockerd</h2><blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;在Kubernetes v1.24及更早版本中，你可以在Kubernetes中使用Docker Engine，依赖于一个称作dockershim的内置 Kubernetes组件。dockershim组件在Kubernetes v1.24发行版本中已被移除；不过，一种来自第三方的替代品，cri-dockerd 是可供使用的。cri-dockerd适配器允许你通过容器运行时接口（Container Runtime Interface，CRI）来使用 Docker Engine。</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#下载cri-dockerd安装包</span></span><br><span class="line">wget https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases/download/v0.3.1/cri-dockerd-0.3.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#安装cri-dockerd</span></span><br><span class="line">rpm -ivh cri-dockerd-0.3.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#修改镜像地址为国内，否则kubelet拉取不了镜像导致启动失败</span></span><br><span class="line">vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/cri-docker.service</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ExecStart=/usr/bin/cri-dockerd --container-runtime-endpoint fd:// --pod-infra-container-image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.7</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#启动cri-dockerd</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl daemon-reload </span><br><span class="line">systemctl <span class="built_in">enable</span> cri-docker && systemctl start cri-docker</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="系统初始化配置"><a href="#系统初始化配置" class="headerlink" title="系统初始化配置"></a>系统初始化配置</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#关闭防火墙</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl stop firewalld</span><br><span class="line">systemctl <span class="built_in">disable</span> firewalld</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#关闭selinux</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#永久关闭</span></span><br><span class="line">sed -i <span class="string">'s/enforcing/disabled/'</span> /etc/selinux/config</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#临时关闭</span></span><br><span class="line">setenforce 0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#在所有节点上关闭swap分区</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#临时关闭</span></span><br><span class="line">swapoff -a</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#永久关闭</span></span><br><span class="line">sed -ri <span class="string">'s/.*swap.*/#&/'</span> /etc/fstab</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#根据规划设置主机名</span></span><br><span class="line">hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname> && bash</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#在master和worker节点添加hosts(与主机名一致)</span></span><br><span class="line">vim /etc/hosts</span><br><span class="line">192.168.58.130 k8s-master130</span><br><span class="line">192.168.58.135 k8s-node135</span><br><span class="line">192.168.58.136 k8s-node136</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链（worker节点配置）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cat</span> <<<span class="string">EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">EOF</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#流量桥接生效</span></span><br><span class="line">sysctl --system </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#时间同步</span></span><br><span class="line">yum install ntpdate -y</span><br><span class="line">ntpdate time.windows.com</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="安装kubernetes-k8s"><a href="#安装kubernetes-k8s" class="headerlink" title="安装kubernetes (k8s)"></a>安装kubernetes (k8s)</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#添加kubernetes软件源</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cat</span> <<<span class="string">EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">[kubernetes]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">name=Kubernetes</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">enabled=1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">gpgcheck=0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">repo_gpgcheck=0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">EOF</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">#kubeadm：用来初始化集群的指令;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">#kubelet：在集群中的每个节点上用来启动Pod和容器等;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">#kubectl：用来与集群通信的命令行工具</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">kubectl：用来与集群通信的命令行工具。)</span><br><span class="line">yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#自启动</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl <span class="built_in">enable</span> kubelet</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#在master节点初始化kubernetes。</span></span><br><span class="line">kubeadm init \</span><br><span class="line"> --apiserver-advertise-address=master节点IP \</span><br><span class="line"> --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \</span><br><span class="line"> --kubernetes-version v1.26.0 \</span><br><span class="line"> --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \</span><br><span class="line"> --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \</span><br><span class="line"> --cri-socket=unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock \</span><br><span class="line"> --ignore-preflight-errors=all</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#按提示拷贝kubectl使用的k8s连接认证文件（每次初始化都需要更新）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">mkdir</span> -p <span class="variable">$HOME</span>/.kube</span><br><span class="line">sudo <span class="built_in">cp</span> -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf <span class="variable">$HOME</span>/.kube/config</span><br><span class="line">sudo <span class="built_in">chown</span> $(<span class="built_in">id</span> -u):$(<span class="built_in">id</span> -g) <span class="variable">$HOME</span>/.kube/config</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#将worker节点加入集群管理</span></span><br><span class="line">kubeadm <span class="built_in">join</span> 192.168.xxx.xxx:6443 --token xxxx.xxxxxxxxxxx \</span><br><span class="line"> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:07c1765ff4ac6eb2e54ed69fa57ca1afc728e825a6d4a11a83c96ff60ea545cd \</span><br><span class="line"> --cri-socket /var/run/cri-dockerd.sock</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#在master节点查看worker节点(NotReady状态)</span></span><br><span class="line">kubectl get nodes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#部署网络插件（Ready状态）</span></span><br><span class="line">wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#下载完后修改里面定义Pod网络（CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR），与前面kubeadm init的--pod-network-cidr指定的一样，修改完以后执行部署命令。</span></span><br><span class="line">kubectl apply -f calico.yaml</span><br><span class="line">kubectl get pods -n kube-system</span><br><span class="line">kubectl get nodes</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>–apiserver-advertise-address：集群通告地址 <br>–image-repository：由于默认拉取镜像地址k8s.gcr.io国内无法访问，这里指定阿里云镜像仓库地址 <br>–kubernetes-version：K8s版本，与上面安装的一致 <br>–service-cidr：集群内部虚拟网络，Pod统一访问入口 <br>–pod-network-cidr：Pod网络，与下面部署的CNI网络组件yaml中保持一致 <br>–cri-socket：指定cri-dockerd接口，如果是containerd则使用unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#部署Dashboard（可选）</span></span><br><span class="line">https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.4.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml</span><br><span class="line">默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部访问，修改如下：</span><br><span class="line">vim recommended.yaml</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">kind: Service</span><br><span class="line">apiVersion: v1</span><br><span class="line">metadata:</span><br><span class="line"> labels:</span><br><span class="line"> k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line"> name: kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line"> namespace: kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line">spec:</span><br><span class="line"> ports:</span><br><span class="line"> - port: 443</span><br><span class="line"> targetPort: 8443</span><br><span class="line"> nodePort: 30001</span><br><span class="line"> selector:</span><br><span class="line"> k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">type</span>: NodePort</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#修改后执行加载命令</span><br><span class="line">kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml</span><br><span class="line">kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色</span><br><span class="line">#创建用户</span><br><span class="line">kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line">#用户授权</span><br><span class="line">kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:dashboard-admin</span><br><span class="line">#获取用户Token</span><br><span class="line">kubectl create token dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboard</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">访问地址： https://nodeip:30001，使用输出的token登录Dashboard</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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