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Deploying Scylla on a Kubernetes Cluster

This is a guide to deploy a Scylla Cluster in a generic Kubernetes environment, meaning that Scylla will not be deployed with the ideal performance. Scylla performs the best when it has fast disks and direct access to the cpu. This requires some extra setup, which is platform-specific. To deploy Scylla with maximum performance, follow the guide for your environment:

Prerequisites

Deploy Scylla Operator

First deploy the Scylla Operator using the following commands:

kubectl apply -f examples/generic/operator.yaml

This will install the operator StatefulSet in namespace scylla-operator-system. You can check if the operator is up and running with:

kubectl -n scylla-operator-system get pod

Create and Initialize a Scylla Cluster

Now that the operator is running, we can create an instance of a Scylla cluster by creating an instance of the clusters.scylla.scylladb.com resource. Some of that resource's values are configurable, so feel free to browse cluster.yaml and tweak the settings to your liking. Full details for all the configuration options can be found in the Scylla Cluster CRD documentation.

When you are ready to create a Scylla cluster, simply run:

kubectl create -f examples/generic/cluster.yaml

We can verify that a Kubernetes object has been created that represents our new Scylla cluster with the command below. This is important because it shows that has successfully extended Kubernetes to make Scylla clusters a first class citizen in the Kubernetes cloud-native environment.

kubectl -n scylla get clusters.scylla.scylladb.com

To check if all the desired members are running, you should see the same number of entries from the following command as the number of members that was specified in cluster.yaml:

kubectl -n scylla get pod -l app=scylla

You can also track the state of a Scylla cluster from its status. To check the current status of a Cluster, run:

kubectl -n scylla describe clusters.scylla.scylladb.com simple-cluster

Accessing the Database

  • From kubectl:

To get a cqlsh shell in your new Cluster:

kubectl exec -n scylla -it simple-cluster-east-1-east-1a-0 -- cqlsh
> DESCRIBE KEYSPACES;
  • From inside a Pod:

When you create a new Cluster, automatically creates a Service for the clients to use in order to access the Cluster. The service's name follows the convention <cluster-name>-client. You can see this Service in your cluster by running:

kubectl -n scylla describe service simple-cluster-client

Pods running inside the Kubernetes cluster can use this Service to connect to Scylla. Here's an example using the Python Driver:

from cassandra.cluster import Cluster

cluster = Cluster(['simple-cluster-client.scylla.svc'])
session = cluster.connect()

Configure Scylla

The operator can take a ConfigMap and apply it to the scylla.yaml configuration file. This is done by adding a ConfigMap to Kubernetes and refering to this in the Rack specification. The ConfigMap is just a file called scylla.yaml that has the properties you want to change in it. The operator will take the default properties for the rest of the configuration.

  • Create a ConfigMap the default name that the operator uses is scylla-config:
kubectl create configmap scylla-config -n scylla --from-file=/path/to/scylla.yaml
  • Wait for the mount to propagate and then restart the cluster:
kubectl rollout restart -n scylla statefulset/simple-cluster-us-east-1-us-east-1a
  • The new config should be applied automatically by the operator, check the logs to be sure.

Configuring cassandra-rackdc.properties is done by adding the file to the same mount as scylla.yaml.

kubectl create configmap scylla-config -n scylla --from-file=/tmp/scylla.yaml --from-file=/tmp/cassandra-rackdc.properties -o yaml --dry-run | kubectl replace -f -

The operator will then apply the overridable properties prefer_local and dc_suffix if they are available in the provided mounted file.

Configure Scylla Manager Agent

The operator creates a second container for each scylla instance that runs Scylla Manager Agent. This container serves as a sidecar and it's the main endpoint for Scylla Manager when interacting with Scylla. The Scylla Manager Agent can be configured with various things such as the security token used to allow access to it's API.

To configure the agent you just create a new secret called scylla-agent-config-secret and populate it with the contents in the scylla-manager-agent.yaml file like this:

kubectl create secret -n scylla generic scylla-agent-config-secret --from-file scylla-manager-agent.yaml

In order for the operator to be able to use the agent it may need to be configured accordingly. For example it needs a matching security token. The operator uses a file called scylla-client.yaml for this and the content is today limited to two properties:

auth_token: the_token

To configure the operator you just create a new config-map called scylla-client-config-secret and populate it with the contents in the scylla-client.yaml file like this:

kubectl create secret -n scylla generic scylla-client-config-secret --from-file scylla-client.yaml

After a restart the operator will use the security token when it interacts with scylla via the agent.

Scale Up

The operator supports scale up of a rack as well as addition of new racks. To make the changes, you can use:

kubectl -n scylla edit clusters.scylla.scylladb.com simple-cluster
  • To scale up a rack, change the Spec.Members field of the rack to the desired value.
  • To add a new rack, append the racks list with a new rack. Remember to choose a different rack name for the new rack.
  • After editing and saving the yaml, check your cluster's Status and Events for information on what's happening:
kubectl -n scylla describe clusters.scylla.scylladb.com simple-cluster

Scale Down

The operator supports scale down of a rack. To make the changes, you can use:

kubectl -n scylla edit clusters.scylla.scylladb.com simple-cluster
  • To scale down a rack, change the Spec.Members field of the rack to the desired value.
  • After editing and saving the yaml, check your cluster's Status and Events for information on what's happening:
kubectl -n scylla describe clusters.scylla.scylladb.com simple-cluster

Configure Scylla

The operator can take a ConfigMap and apply it to the scylla.yaml configuration file. This is done by adding a ConfigMap to Kubernetes and refering to this in the Rack specification. The ConfigMap is just a file called scylla.yaml that has the properties you want to change in it. The operator will take the default properties for the rest of the configuration.

  • Create a ConfigMap the default name that the operator uses is scylla-config:
kubectl create configmap scylla-config -n scylla --from-file=/path/to/scylla.yaml
  • Wait for the mount to propagate and then restart the cluster:
kubectl rollout restart -n scylla statefulset/simple-cluster-us-east-1-us-east-1a
  • The new config should be applied automatically by the operator, check the logs to be sure.

Configuring cassandra-rackdc.properties is done by adding the file to the same mount as scylla.yaml.

kubectl create configmap scylla-config -n scylla --from-file=/tmp/scylla.yaml --from-file=/tmp/cassandra-rackdc.properties -o yaml --dry-run | kubectl replace -f -

The operator will then apply the overridable properties prefer_local and dc_suffix if they are available in the provided mounted file.

Configure Scylla Manager Agent

The operator creates a second container for each scylla instance that runs Scylla Manager Agent. This container serves as a sidecar and it's the main endpoint for Scylla Manager when interacting with Scylla. The Scylla Manager Agent can be configured with various things such as the security token used to allow access to it's API.

To configure the agent you just create a new config-map called scylla-agent-config and populate it with the contents in the scylla-manager-agent.yaml file like this:

kubectl create configmap scylla-agent-config -n scylla --from-file=scylla-manager-agent.yaml

Clean Up

To clean up all resources associated with this walk-through, you can run the commands below.

NOTE: this will destroy your database and delete all of its associated data.

kubectl delete -f examples/generic/cluster.yaml
kubectl delete -f examples/generic/operator.yaml

Troubleshooting

If the cluster does not come up, the first step would be to examine the operator's logs:

kubectl -n scylla-operator-system logs -l app=scylla-operator

If everything looks OK in the operator logs, you can also look in the logs for one of the Scylla instances:

kubectl -n scylla logs simple-cluster-us-east-1-us-east-1a-0