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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>DC Code: 19 Descent, Distribution, and Trusts</title>
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<h1>The DC Code: 19 Descent, Distribution, and Trusts</h1>
</header>
<ul>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.html'>19-101: Family allowance; construction; penalties. [Repealed]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.01.html'>19-101.01: Applicable law.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.02.html'>19-101.02: Homestead allowance.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.03.html'>19-101.03: Exempt property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.04.html'>19-101.04: Family allowance.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.05.html'>19-101.05: Source, determination, and documentation; equitable apportionment when minor children are not in custody of the surviving spouse or surviving domestic partner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-101.06.html'>19-101.06: Penalties.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-102.html'>19-102: Dower and curtesy abolished.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-103.html'>19-103: Forfeiture of dower by desertion and adultery. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-104.html'>19-104: Absent or incompetent spouse. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-105.html'>19-105: Jointure before marriage as bar to dower. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-106.html'>19-106: Jointure after marriage; election. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-107.html'>19-107: Effect of acts of one spouse. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-107a.html'>19-107a: Release of dower. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-108.html'>19-108: Recovery of dower withheld; damages. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-109.html'>19-109: Recovery of dower obtained by default or collusion; damages. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-110.html'>19-110: Assignment of guardian; rights of heir. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-111.html'>19-111: Reendowment upon eviction from jointure. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-112.html'>19-112: Devise or bequest to a spouse or domestic partner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-113.html'>19-113: Renunciation of devises and bequests; election; time limitations; renunciation or election by guardian or fiduciary; maximum rights; effect of no devise or bequest or if nothing passes under either; antenuptial or postnuptial agreements.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-114.html'>19-114: Right of surviving spouse or surviving domestic partner if there is no renunciation.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-115.html'>19-115: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-301.html'>19-301: Course of descents generally.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-302.html'>19-302: Share of spouse or domestic partner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-303.html'>19-303: When surviving spouse entitled to one-third. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-304.html'>19-304: When surviving spouse entitled to one-half. [Repealed.]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-305.html'>19-305: Distribution of surplus after payment to surviving spouse or surviving domestic partner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-306.html'>19-306: Children to share equally.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-307.html'>19-307: Grandchildren's share.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-308.html'>19-308: Share of father and mother.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-309.html'>19-309: Share of brother or sister or their descendants.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-310.html'>19-310: Brothers and sisters to share equally.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-311.html'>19-311: Share of collateral relations.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-312.html'>19-312: Share of grandfather and grandmother.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-313.html'>19-313: Death of distributee before distribution.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-314.html'>19-314: Share of posthumous children.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-315.html'>19-315: No distinction between whole- and half-blood.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-316.html'>19-316: Share of children born out of wedlock; their heirs; mother; father.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-317.html'>19-317: Trust estates.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-318.html'>19-318: Antenuptial children.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-319.html'>19-319: Advancements.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-320.html'>19-320: Felonious homicide as barring inheritance; insurance policies; bona fide purchasers.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-321.html'>19-321: Descent through alien ancestor no bar.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-322.html'>19-322: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-501.html'>19-501: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-502.html'>19-502: Requirement of survival by 120 hours under probate laws.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-503.html'>19-503: Requirement of survival by 120 hours under governing instruments.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-504.html'>19-504: Co-owners with right of survivorship; requirement of survival by 120 hours.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-505.html'>19-505: Evidence of death or status.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-506.html'>19-506: Exceptions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-507.html'>19-507: Protection of payors, bona fide purchasers, and other third parties; personal liability of recipient.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-508.html'>19-508: Uniformity of application and construction.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-509.html'>19-509: Application to existing relationships.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-601.01.html'>19-601.01: Nonprobate transfers on death.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.01.html'>19-602.01: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.02.html'>19-602.02: Limitation on scope of subchapter.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.03.html'>19-602.03: Types of account; existing accounts.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.04.html'>19-602.04: Forms.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.05.html'>19-602.05: Designation of agent.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.06.html'>19-602.06: Applicability of subchapter.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.11.html'>19-602.11: Ownership during lifetime.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.12.html'>19-602.12: Rights at death.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.13.html'>19-602.13: Alteration of rights.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.14.html'>19-602.14: Accounts and transfers nontestamentary.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.15.html'>19-602.15: Community property and tenancy by the entireties.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.21.html'>19-602.21: Authority of financial institution.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.22.html'>19-602.22: Payment on multiple-party account.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.23.html'>19-602.23: Payment on POD designation.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.24.html'>19-602.24: Payment to designated agent.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.25.html'>19-602.25: Payment to minor.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.26.html'>19-602.26: Discharge.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-602.27.html'>19-602.27: Set-off.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.01.html'>19-603.01: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.02.html'>19-603.02: Registration in beneficiary form; sole or joint tenancy ownership.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.03.html'>19-603.03: Registration in beneficiary form; applicable law.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.04.html'>19-603.04: Origination of registration in beneficiary form.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.05.html'>19-603.05: Form of registration in beneficiary form.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.06.html'>19-603.06: Effect of registration in beneficiary form.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.07.html'>19-603.07: Ownership on death of owner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.08.html'>19-603.08: Protection of registering entity.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.09.html'>19-603.09: Nontestamentary transfer on death.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.10.html'>19-603.10: Terms, conditions, and forms for registration.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-603.11.html'>19-603.11: Application of subchapter.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-701.html'>19-701: Escheatment generally.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-901.html'>19-901: Statutory rule against perpetuities.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-902.html'>19-902: When nonvested property interest or power of appointment is created.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-903.html'>19-903: Reformation.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-904.html'>19-904: Exclusions from statutory rule against perpetuities.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-905.html'>19-905: Prospective application.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-906.html'>19-906: Supersession.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-907.html'>19-907: Uniformity of application and construction.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1101.html'>19-1101: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1102.html'>19-1102: Custodial trust; general.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1103.html'>19-1103: Custodial trustee for future payment or transfer.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1104.html'>19-1104: Form and effect of receipt and acceptance by custodial trustee; jurisdiction.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1105.html'>19-1105: Transfer to custodial trustee by fiduciary or obligor; facility of payment.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1106.html'>19-1106: Multiple beneficiaries; separate custodial trusts; survivorship.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1107.html'>19-1107: General duties of custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1108.html'>19-1108: General powers of custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1109.html'>19-1109: Use of custodial trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1110.html'>19-1110: Determination of incapacity; effect.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1111.html'>19-1111: Exemption of third person from liability.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1112.html'>19-1112: Liability to third person.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1113.html'>19-1113: Declination, resignation, incapacity, death, or removal of custodial trustee; designation of successor custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1114.html'>19-1114: Expenses, compensation, and bond of custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1115.html'>19-1115: Reporting and accounting by custodial trustee; determination of liability of custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1116.html'>19-1116: Limitations of action against custodial trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1117.html'>19-1117: Distribution on termination.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1118.html'>19-1118: Methods and forms for creating custodial trusts.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1119.html'>19-1119: Applicable law.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1120.html'>19-1120: Uniformity of application and construction.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.01.html'>19-1301.01: Short title.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.02.html'>19-1301.02: Scope.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.03.html'>19-1301.03: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.04.html'>19-1301.04: Knowledge.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.05.html'>19-1301.05: Default and mandatory rules.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.06.html'>19-1301.06: Common law of trusts; principles of equity.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.07.html'>19-1301.07: Governing law.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.08.html'>19-1301.08: Principal place of administration.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.09.html'>19-1301.09: Methods and waiver of notice.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.10.html'>19-1301.10: Others treated as qualified beneficiaries.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1301.11.html'>19-1301.11: Nonjudicial settlement agreements.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1302.01.html'>19-1302.01: Role of court in administration of trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1302.02.html'>19-1302.02: Jurisdiction over trustee and beneficiary.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1303.01.html'>19-1303.01: Representation: basic effect.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1303.02.html'>19-1303.02: Representation by holder of general testamentary power of appointment.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1303.03.html'>19-1303.03: Representation by fiduciaries and parents.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1303.04.html'>19-1303.04: Representation by person having substantially identical interest.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1303.05.html'>19-1303.05: Appointment of representative.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.01.html'>19-1304.01: Methods of creating trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.02.html'>19-1304.02: Requirements for creation.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.03.html'>19-1304.03: Trusts created in other jurisdictions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.04.html'>19-1304.04: Trust purposes.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.05.html'>19-1304.05: Charitable purposes; enforcement.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.06.html'>19-1304.06: Creation of trust induced by fraud, duress, or undue influence.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.07.html'>19-1304.07: Evidence of oral trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.08.html'>19-1304.08: Trust for care of animal.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.09.html'>19-1304.09: Noncharitable trust without ascertainable beneficiary.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.10.html'>19-1304.10: Modification or termination of trust; proceedings for approval or disapproval.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.11.html'>19-1304.11: Modification or termination of noncharitable irrevocable trust by consent.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.12.html'>19-1304.12: Modification or termination because of unanticipated circumstances or inability to administer trust effectively.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.13.html'>19-1304.13: Cy pres.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.14.html'>19-1304.14: Termination of uneconomic trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.15.html'>19-1304.15: Reformation to correct mistakes.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.16.html'>19-1304.16: Modification to achieve settlor's tax objectives.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.17.html'>19-1304.17: Combination and division of trusts.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1304.18.html'>19-1304.18: Title of trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.01.html'>19-1305.01: Rights of beneficiary's creditor or assignee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.02.html'>19-1305.02: Spendthrift provision.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.03.html'>19-1305.03: Exceptions to spendthrift provision.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.04.html'>19-1305.04: Discretionary trusts; effect of standard. [Reserved]</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.05.html'>19-1305.05: Creditor's claim against settlor.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.06.html'>19-1305.06: Overdue distribution.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1305.07.html'>19-1305.07: Personal obligations of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1306.01.html'>19-1306.01: Capacity of settlor of revocable trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1306.02.html'>19-1306.02: Revocation or amendment of revocable trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1306.03.html'>19-1306.03: Settlor's powers; powers of withdrawal.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1306.04.html'>19-1306.04: Limitation on action contesting validity of revocable trust, distribution of trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.01.html'>19-1307.01: Accepting or declining trusteeship.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.02.html'>19-1307.02: Trustee's bond.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.03.html'>19-1307.03: Cotrustees.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.04.html'>19-1307.04: Vacancy in trusteeship; appointment of successor.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.05.html'>19-1307.05: Resignation of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.06.html'>19-1307.06: Removal of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.07.html'>19-1307.07: Delivery of property by former trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.08.html'>19-1307.08: Compensation of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1307.09.html'>19-1307.09: Reimbursement of expenses.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.01.html'>19-1308.01: Duty to administer trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.02.html'>19-1308.02: Duty of loyalty.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.03.html'>19-1308.03: Impartiality.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.04.html'>19-1308.04: Prudent administration.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.05.html'>19-1308.05: Costs of administration.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.06.html'>19-1308.06: Trustee's skills.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.07.html'>19-1308.07: Delegation by trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.08.html'>19-1308.08: Powers to direct.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.09.html'>19-1308.09: Control and protection of trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.10.html'>19-1308.10: Recordkeeping and identification of trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.11.html'>19-1308.11: Enforcement and defense of claims.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.12.html'>19-1308.12: Collecting trust property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.13.html'>19-1308.13: Duty to inform and report.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.14.html'>19-1308.14: Discretionary powers; tax savings.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.15.html'>19-1308.15: General powers of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.16.html'>19-1308.16: Specific powers of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1308.17.html'>19-1308.17: Distribution upon termination.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.01.html'>19-1309.01: Prudent investor rule.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.02.html'>19-1309.02: Standard of care; portfolio strategy; risk and return objectives.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.03.html'>19-1309.03: Diversification.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.04.html'>19-1309.04: Duties at inception of trusteeship.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.05.html'>19-1309.05: Reviewing compliance.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1309.06.html'>19-1309.06: Language invoking standard of subchapter.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.01.html'>19-1310.01: Remedies for breach of trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.02.html'>19-1310.02: Damages for breach of trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.03.html'>19-1310.03: Damages in absence of breach.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.04.html'>19-1310.04: Attorney's fees and costs.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.05.html'>19-1310.05: Limitation of action against trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.06.html'>19-1310.06: Reliance on trust instrument.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.07.html'>19-1310.07: Event affecting administration or distribution.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.08.html'>19-1310.08: Exculpation of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.09.html'>19-1310.09: Beneficiary's consent, release, or ratification.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.10.html'>19-1310.10: Limitation on personal liability of trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.11.html'>19-1310.11: Interest as general partner.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.12.html'>19-1310.12: Protection of person dealing with trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1310.13.html'>19-1310.13: Certification of trust.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1311.01.html'>19-1311.01: Uniformity of application and construction.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1311.02.html'>19-1311.02: Electronic records and signatures.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1311.03.html'>19-1311.03: Application to existing relationships.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1501.html'>19-1501: Short title.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1502.html'>19-1502: Definitions.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1503.html'>19-1503: Scope.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1504.html'>19-1504: Chapter supplemented by other law.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1505.html'>19-1505: Power to disclaim; general requirements; when irrevocable.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1506.html'>19-1506: Disclaimer of interest in property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1507.html'>19-1507: Disclaimer of rights of survivorship in jointly held property.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1508.html'>19-1508: Disclaimer of interest by trustee.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1509.html'>19-1509: Disclaimer of power of appointment or other power not held in fiduciary capacity.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1510.html'>19-1510: Disclaimer by appointee, object, or taker in default of exercise of power of appointment.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1511.html'>19-1511: Disclaimer of power held in fiduciary capacity.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1512.html'>19-1512: Delivery or filing.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1513.html'>19-1513: When disclaimer barred or limited.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1514.html'>19-1514: Tax qualified disclaimer.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1515.html'>19-1515: Recording of disclaimer.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1516.html'>19-1516: Application to existing relationships.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1517.html'>19-1517: Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.</a>
<li><a href='sections/19-1518.html'>19-1518: Uniformity of application and construction.</a>
</ul>
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