CI: Run third-party hello world example in CI

[seberg]

The third-party hello world example, currently seems to fail to link:

/nvme/1/sebastianb/miniforge3/envs/all_cuda-124_arch-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu/11.4.0/../../../../x86_64-conda-linux-gnu/bin/ld: third_party_hello: hidden symbol `_ZN3fmt3v106detail11assert_failEPKciS3_' in CMakeFiles/third_party_hello.dir/third_party_hello.cpp.o is referenced by DSO
/nvme/1/sebastianb/miniforge3/envs/all_cuda-124_arch-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu/11.4.0/../../../../x86_64-conda-linux-gnu/bin/ld: final link failed: bad value
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

It isn't clear to me where this is coming from it may just be a shaky combination of dependencies?

To reproduce, create a local build (or manual CI container) and run ./build.sh test (although I am reorganizing so that one can also just run ./ci/run_thirdparty_example.sh)

There are two things TODO here:

• It would be nice to have a CI job for it. I first wanted to include it into the main CI test job. It probably compiles quick enough, but I don't want to install the full build dependencies in that one. (so it needs its own job at least).
• It would be nice to figure out what is broken.

[seberg]

Noticed that the example on main fails to link in what looks like the same way in debug mode. so maybe related to that.