diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index f0a6700..7f80c48 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Title: Cryptographic Hash, Extendable-Output and Base64 Functions
 Version: 1.0.3.9000
 Description: Fast and memory-efficient streaming hash functions and base64
     encoding / decoding. Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes
-    files potentially larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through
+    files which can be larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through
     R's serialization mechanism. Implementations include the SHA-256, SHA-3 and
     'Keccak' cryptographic hash functions, SHAKE256 extendable-output function
     (XOF), and 'SipHash' pseudo-random function.
diff --git a/R/base.R b/R/base.R
index 2c9a736..747732b 100644
--- a/R/base.R
+++ b/R/base.R
@@ -25,11 +25,10 @@
 #' 3, big-endian representation).
 #'
 #' @param x an object.
-#' @param convert logical TRUE to encode to a character string or FALSE to a raw
-#'   vector.
+#' @param convert logical `TRUE` to encode to a character string or `FALSE` to a
+#'   raw vector.
 #'
-#' @return A character string or raw vector depending on the value of
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @return A character string or raw vector depending on the value of `convert`.
 #'   
 #' @references
 #' This implementation is based that by 'The Mbed TLS Contributors' under the
@@ -51,18 +50,18 @@ base64enc <- function(x, convert = TRUE) .Call(secretbase_base64enc, x, convert)
 #'
 #' Decodes a character string, raw vector or other object from base64 encoding.
 #' 
-#' The value of \sQuote{convert} should be set to TRUE, FALSE or NA to be the
+#' The value of `convert` should be set to `TRUE`, `FALSE` or `NA` to be the
 #' reverse of the 3 encoding operations (for strings, raw vectors and arbitrary
 #' objects), in order to return the original object.
 #'
 #' @param x an object.
-#' @param convert logical TRUE to convert back to a character string, FALSE to
-#'   convert back to a raw vector or NA to decode and then unserialize back to
-#'   the original object.
+#' @param convert logical `TRUE` to convert back to a character string, `FALSE`
+#'   to convert back to a raw vector or `NA` to decode and then unserialize back
+#'   to the original object.
 #'
 #' @return A character string, raw vector, or other object depending on the
-#'   value of \sQuote{convert}. If conversion to a character string fails, a raw
-#'   vector will be returned instead (accompanied by a warning).
+#'   value of `convert`. If conversion to a character string fails, a raw vector
+#'   will be returned instead (accompanied by a warning).
 #'   
 #' @references
 #' This implementation is based that by 'The Mbed TLS Contributors' under the
diff --git a/R/secret.R b/R/secret.R
index 84619cb..4671868 100644
--- a/R/secret.R
+++ b/R/secret.R
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 #' secretbase: Cryptographic Hash, Extendable-Output and Base64 Functions
 #'
 #' Fast and memory-efficient streaming hash functions and base64 encoding /
-#' decoding. Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files
-#' potentially larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's
+#' decoding. Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files which
+#' can be larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's
 #' serialization mechanism. Implementations include the SHA-256, SHA-3 and
 #' 'Keccak' cryptographic hash functions, SHAKE256 extendable-output function
 #' (XOF), and 'SipHash' pseudo-random function.
@@ -40,18 +40,17 @@
 #' Returns a SHA-3 hash of the supplied object or file.
 #'
 #' @param x object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-#'   attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-#'   using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).
+#'   attributes) is hashed *as is*. All other objects are stream hashed
+#'   using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).
 #' @param bits integer output size of the returned hash. Must be one of 224,
 #'   256, 384 or 512.
-#' @param convert logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-#'   a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-#'   return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.
-#' @param file character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-#'   The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.
-#'
-#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @param convert logical `TRUE` to convert the hash to its hex representation
+#'   as a character string, `FALSE` to return directly as a raw vector, or `NA`
+#'   to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.
+#' @param file character file name / path. If specified, `x` is ignored. The
+#'   file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.
+#'
+#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on `convert`.
 #'     
 #' @section R Serialization Stream Hashing:
 #' 
@@ -106,8 +105,7 @@ sha3 <- function(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 #' @param bits integer output size of the returned hash. Value must be between 8
 #'   and 2^24.
 #'
-#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on `convert`.
 #' 
 #' @inheritSection sha3 R Serialization Stream Hashing
 #'
@@ -143,8 +141,7 @@ shake256 <- function(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 #'
 #' @inheritParams sha3
 #'
-#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on `convert`.
 #'
 #' @inheritSection sha3 R Serialization Stream Hashing
 #' 
@@ -192,12 +189,11 @@ keccak <- function(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 #' key is supplied.
 #'
 #' @inheritParams sha3
-#' @param key if NULL, the SHA-256 hash of \sQuote{x} is returned. If a
-#'   character string or raw vector, this is used as a secret key to generate an
-#'   HMAC. Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.
+#' @param key if `NULL`, the SHA-256 hash of `x` is returned. If a character
+#'   string or raw vector, this is used as a secret key to generate an HMAC.
+#'   Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.
 #'
-#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on `convert`.
 #'     
 #' @inheritSection sha3 R Serialization Stream Hashing
 #' 
@@ -242,12 +238,11 @@ sha256 <- function(x, key = NULL, convert = TRUE, file)
 #'
 #' @inheritParams sha3
 #' @param key a character string or raw vector comprising the 16 byte (128 bit)
-#'   key data, or else NULL which is equivalent to '0'. If a longer vector is
+#'   key data, or else `NULL` which is equivalent to '0'. If a longer vector is
 #'   supplied, only the first 16 bytes are used, and if shorter, padded with
 #'   trailing '0'. Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.
 #'
-#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-#'   \sQuote{convert}.
+#' @return A character string, raw or integer vector depending on `convert`.
 #'     
 #' @inheritSection sha3 R Serialization Stream Hashing
 #' 
diff --git a/README.Rmd b/README.Rmd
index 1289457..7b8fec7 100644
--- a/README.Rmd
+++ b/README.Rmd
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ knitr::opts_chunk$set(
 
 Fast and memory-efficient streaming hash functions and base64 encoding / decoding.
 
-Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files potentially larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's serialization mechanism.
+Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files which can be larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's serialization mechanism.
 
 Implementations include the SHA-256, SHA-3 and 'Keccak' cryptographic hash functions, SHAKE256 extendable-output function (XOF), and 'SipHash' pseudo-random function.
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ sha256("secret base", key = "秘密の基地の中")
 SipHash-1-3 is optimized for performance. <br />
 Pass to `key` a character string or raw vector of up to 16 bytes (128 bits):
 ```{r siphash}
-siphash13("secret base", key = charToRaw("秘密の基地の中"))
+siphash13("secret base", key = "秘密の基地の中")
 ```
 
 #### Base64 Encoding / Decoding
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 80143c3..fc5457d 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ badge](https://shikokuchuo.r-universe.dev/badges/secretbase?color=ff803d)](https
 Fast and memory-efficient streaming hash functions and base64 encoding /
 decoding.
 
-Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files potentially
-larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R’s
+Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files which can
+be larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R’s
 serialization mechanism.
 
 Implementations include the SHA-256, SHA-3 and ‘Keccak’ cryptographic
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ SipHash-1-3 is optimized for performance. <br /> Pass to `key` a
 character string or raw vector of up to 16 bytes (128 bits):
 
 ``` r
-siphash13("secret base", key = charToRaw("秘密の基地の中"))
+siphash13("secret base", key = "秘密の基地の中")
 #> [1] "a1f0a751892cc7dd"
 ```
 
diff --git a/man/base64dec.Rd b/man/base64dec.Rd
index 6b4d940..d4ca5c8 100644
--- a/man/base64dec.Rd
+++ b/man/base64dec.Rd
@@ -9,20 +9,20 @@ base64dec(x, convert = TRUE)
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{an object.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert back to a character string, FALSE to
-convert back to a raw vector or NA to decode and then unserialize back to
-the original object.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert back to a character string, \code{FALSE}
+to convert back to a raw vector or \code{NA} to decode and then unserialize back
+to the original object.}
 }
 \value{
 A character string, raw vector, or other object depending on the
-value of \sQuote{convert}. If conversion to a character string fails, a raw
-vector will be returned instead (accompanied by a warning).
+value of \code{convert}. If conversion to a character string fails, a raw vector
+will be returned instead (accompanied by a warning).
 }
 \description{
 Decodes a character string, raw vector or other object from base64 encoding.
 }
 \details{
-The value of \sQuote{convert} should be set to TRUE, FALSE or NA to be the
+The value of \code{convert} should be set to \code{TRUE}, \code{FALSE} or \code{NA} to be the
 reverse of the 3 encoding operations (for strings, raw vectors and arbitrary
 objects), in order to return the original object.
 }
diff --git a/man/base64enc.Rd b/man/base64enc.Rd
index 73d5531..3e2daa1 100644
--- a/man/base64enc.Rd
+++ b/man/base64enc.Rd
@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@ base64enc(x, convert = TRUE)
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{an object.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to encode to a character string or FALSE to a raw
-vector.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to encode to a character string or \code{FALSE} to a
+raw vector.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string or raw vector depending on the value of
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string or raw vector depending on the value of \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Encodes a character string, raw vector or other object to base64 encoding.
diff --git a/man/keccak.Rd b/man/keccak.Rd
index 3dbfac9..c0a76e0 100644
--- a/man/keccak.Rd
+++ b/man/keccak.Rd
@@ -8,22 +8,21 @@ keccak(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).}
+attributes) is hashed \emph{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
+using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).}
 
 \item{bits}{integer output size of the returned hash. Must be one of 224,
 256, 384 or 512.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert the hash to its hex representation
+as a character string, \code{FALSE} to return directly as a raw vector, or \code{NA}
+to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
 
-\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.}
+\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \code{x} is ignored. The
+file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string, raw or integer vector depending on \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Returns a Keccak hash of the supplied object or file.
diff --git a/man/secretbase-package.Rd b/man/secretbase-package.Rd
index 00f5fce..910b77a 100644
--- a/man/secretbase-package.Rd
+++ b/man/secretbase-package.Rd
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 \title{secretbase: Cryptographic Hash, Extendable-Output and Base64 Functions}
 \description{
 Fast and memory-efficient streaming hash functions and base64 encoding /
-decoding. Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files
-potentially larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's
+decoding. Hashes strings and raw vectors directly. Stream hashes files which
+can be larger than memory, as well as in-memory objects through R's
 serialization mechanism. Implementations include the SHA-256, SHA-3 and
 'Keccak' cryptographic hash functions, SHAKE256 extendable-output function
 (XOF), and 'SipHash' pseudo-random function.
diff --git a/man/sha256.Rd b/man/sha256.Rd
index b9a23ea..7b45008 100644
--- a/man/sha256.Rd
+++ b/man/sha256.Rd
@@ -8,23 +8,22 @@ sha256(x, key = NULL, convert = TRUE, file)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).}
+attributes) is hashed \emph{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
+using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).}
 
-\item{key}{if NULL, the SHA-256 hash of \sQuote{x} is returned. If a
-character string or raw vector, this is used as a secret key to generate an
-HMAC. Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.}
+\item{key}{if \code{NULL}, the SHA-256 hash of \code{x} is returned. If a character
+string or raw vector, this is used as a secret key to generate an HMAC.
+Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert the hash to its hex representation
+as a character string, \code{FALSE} to return directly as a raw vector, or \code{NA}
+to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
 
-\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.}
+\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \code{x} is ignored. The
+file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string, raw or integer vector depending on \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Returns a SHA-256 hash of the supplied object or file, or HMAC if a secret
diff --git a/man/sha3.Rd b/man/sha3.Rd
index 358c1ee..bacfa09 100644
--- a/man/sha3.Rd
+++ b/man/sha3.Rd
@@ -8,22 +8,21 @@ sha3(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).}
+attributes) is hashed \emph{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
+using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).}
 
 \item{bits}{integer output size of the returned hash. Must be one of 224,
 256, 384 or 512.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert the hash to its hex representation
+as a character string, \code{FALSE} to return directly as a raw vector, or \code{NA}
+to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
 
-\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.}
+\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \code{x} is ignored. The
+file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string, raw or integer vector depending on \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Returns a SHA-3 hash of the supplied object or file.
diff --git a/man/shake256.Rd b/man/shake256.Rd
index 585b1eb..eb10102 100644
--- a/man/shake256.Rd
+++ b/man/shake256.Rd
@@ -8,22 +8,21 @@ shake256(x, bits = 256L, convert = TRUE, file)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).}
+attributes) is hashed \emph{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
+using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).}
 
 \item{bits}{integer output size of the returned hash. Value must be between 8
 and 2^24.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert the hash to its hex representation
+as a character string, \code{FALSE} to return directly as a raw vector, or \code{NA}
+to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
 
-\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.}
+\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \code{x} is ignored. The
+file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string, raw or integer vector depending on \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Returns a SHAKE256 hash of the supplied object or file.
diff --git a/man/siphash13.Rd b/man/siphash13.Rd
index 15c70f3..f972c29 100644
--- a/man/siphash13.Rd
+++ b/man/siphash13.Rd
@@ -8,24 +8,23 @@ siphash13(x, key = NULL, convert = TRUE, file)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{object to hash. A character string or raw vector (without
-attributes) is hashed \sQuote{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
-using R serialization (but without allocation of the serialized object).}
+attributes) is hashed \emph{as is}. All other objects are stream hashed
+using R serialization (without allocation of the serialized object).}
 
 \item{key}{a character string or raw vector comprising the 16 byte (128 bit)
-key data, or else NULL which is equivalent to '0'. If a longer vector is
+key data, or else \code{NULL} which is equivalent to '0'. If a longer vector is
 supplied, only the first 16 bytes are used, and if shorter, padded with
 trailing '0'. Note: for character vectors, only the first element is used.}
 
-\item{convert}{logical TRUE to convert the hash to its hex representation as
-a character string, FALSE to return directly as a raw vector, or NA to
-return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
+\item{convert}{logical \code{TRUE} to convert the hash to its hex representation
+as a character string, \code{FALSE} to return directly as a raw vector, or \code{NA}
+to return as a vector of (32-bit) integers.}
 
-\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \sQuote{x} is ignored.
-The file is stream hashed, hence files larger than memory are permitted.}
+\item{file}{character file name / path. If specified, \code{x} is ignored. The
+file is stream hashed, and the file can be larger than memory.}
 }
 \value{
-A character string, raw or integer vector depending on
-\sQuote{convert}.
+A character string, raw or integer vector depending on \code{convert}.
 }
 \description{
 Returns a fast, cryptographically-strong SipHash keyed hash of the supplied