App crashes on devices with Android 12

[DmytroMeleshko]

Describe the issue

Application crashes on startup on Android 12 real devices, while on emulators with the same Android version it works great.

Error log details:

✓  Built build/app/outputs/flutter-apk/app-debug.apk.
Installing build/app/outputs/flutter-apk/app.apk...
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): Process: org.scopeevents.Celebrate, PID: 24078
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to create application org.scopeevents.Celebrate.MainApplication: java.lang.SecurityException: Need android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT permission for android.content.AttributionSource@cf128ae8: GattService getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6730)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:247)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2053)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:201)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:288)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7839)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:548)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1003)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: Need android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT permission for android.content.AttributionSource@cf128ae8: GattService getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Parcel.createExceptionOrNull(Parcel.java:2425)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2409)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2392)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2334)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGatt$Stub$Proxy.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(IBluetoothGatt.java:1690)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(BluetoothManager.java:200)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager.getConnectedDevices(BluetoothManager.java:160)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.logging.RealBluetoothDevicesCountInitializer.setupInitialConnectedDevices(RealBluetoothDevicesCountInitializer.kt:54)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.logging.BluetoothAclConnectionReceiver.onEnterScope(BluetoothAclConnectionReceiver.kt:27)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at shadow.mortar.MortarScope.register(MortarScope.java:199)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.RegisterAppDelegate.onEnterScope(RegisterAppDelegate.java:444)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at shadow.mortar.MortarScope.register(MortarScope.java:199)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.RegisterAppDelegate.createAppScope(RegisterAppDelegate.java:335)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.RegisterAppDelegate.onCreate(RegisterAppDelegate.java:189)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.sdk.reader.internal.AppBootstrapHolder.onCreate(AppBootstrapHolder.java:23)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at com.squareup.sdk.reader.ReaderSdk.initialize(ReaderSdk.java:38)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at org.scopeevents.Celebrate.MainApplication.onCreate(MainApplication.java:22)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.Instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1211)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6725)
E/AndroidRuntime(24078): 	... 9 more

Expected behavior

The application should build successfully

Environment:

• platform: Android
• OS and version: Android 12
• dev environment: MacOS
• Reader SDK version: 1.5.1

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 2.8.1, on macOS 12.1 21C52 darwin-arm, locale ru-UA)
• Flutter version 2.8.1 at ...
• Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
• Framework revision 77d935af4d (6 weeks ago), 2021-12-16 08:37:33 -0800
• Engine revision 890a5fca2e
• Dart version 2.15.1

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 32.0.0)
• Android SDK at ...
• Platform android-32, build-tools 32.0.0
• Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jre/Contents/Home/bin/java
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.10+0-b96-7249189)
• All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.2.1)
• Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
• CocoaPods version 1.11.2

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
• Chrome at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome

[✓] Android Studio (version 2020.3)
• Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
• Flutter plugin can be installed from:
🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
• Dart plugin can be installed from:
🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.10+0-b96-7249189)

[✓] VS Code (version 1.63.2)
• VS Code at /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents
• Flutter extension can be installed from:
🔨 https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Dart-Code.flutter

[✓] Connected device (3 available)
• Pixel 4a (mobile) • 15051JEC215525 • android-arm64 • Android 12 (API 31)
• No issues found!

[john-tmc]

Hope this can resolve any similar issues that others might have.
I found that the java library com.squareup.sdk.reader.ReaderSdk crashes before permission is actually requested.

New bluetooth permission for Android 12+

Long term solution :
Square Dev needs to update the native Reader SDK for the newest bluetooth permission: BLUETOOTH_SCAN and BLUETOOTH_CONNECT

Short term solution (your setup may differ, but the logic would be the same):

AndroidManifest.xml

...
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" android:maxSdkVersion="30" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" android:maxSdkVersion="30" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
...

MainApplication.kt

...
public class MainApplication: FlutterApplication() {
    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
        FlutterMain.startInitialization(this);
    } 
}
...

MainActivity.kt

...
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity;
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine;
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel;
import com.blackairplane.vendor.MainApplication;
import com.squareup.sdk.reader.ReaderSdk;   
import android.app.Application

class MainActivity: FlutterActivity() {
    private val CHANNEL = "com.demo.vendor/square"
    var readerInitialized: Boolean = false;

    override fun configureFlutterEngine(@NonNull flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
        super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)
        MethodChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger, CHANNEL).setMethodCallHandler {
        call, result ->
            if (call.method == "VERSION") result.success(android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE)
            else if (!readerInitialized && call.method == "INITIALIZE" ) {
                readerInitialized = true;
                ReaderSdk.initialize(applicationContext as Application);
                result.success("READER SDK Initialized");
            }
        }
    }
}
...

main.dart

...
...
const platform = MethodChannel('com.demo.vendor/square');
void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
...

  var activateReader = true;
  if (Platform.isAndroid && int.parse((await platform.invokeMethod('VERSION'))) >= 12) {
      activateReader = await Permission.bluetoothConnect.request().isGranted &&
          await Permission.bluetoothScan.request().isGranted;
  } else {
      activateReader = await Permission.bluetooth.request().isGranted;
  }
   if (activateReader) log.i(await platform.invokeMethod('INITIALIZE'));
  }
...
}
...
...

[CharmisG]

Please pull latest update it's fixes.

[CurtHubb]

This issue is still occurring for me with the latest fixes

[TatsuUkraine]

@CharmisG I can confirm that described issue is still there. Workaround from @john-tmc works, but it's still a workaround

[CharmisG]

@TatsuUkraine @CurtHubb @john-tmc
Sorry for the trouble but I'm also figuring out an issue from my side now I have kept all required permission for android 12 on flutter 3 so can you please check the latest code and let me know the status?

[TatsuUkraine]

@CharmisG if to follow getting started docs with the most recent changes it doesn't solve anything, app still crashes during the start

[CharmisG]

@TatsuUkraine @CurtHubb @john-tmc
Sorry for the delay but I'm figuring out the issue and update you soon.

[CharmisG]

@TatsuUkraine @CurtHubb @john-tmc
Sorry for the delay but we are using the permission_handler plugin and this plugin itself has this permission error that's why it's crashing so we are waiting for this(permission_handler) plugin update and we are continuously touched with this plugin and I'll let you know when we get any response and will update you!

Plugin link: https://pub.dev/packages/permission_handler

Thank you !!

[TatsuUkraine]

@CharmisG I'm not sure that the issue is in permission handles plugin, reader sdk plugin doesn't uses it

[TatsuUkraine]

Do you have a link to an issue that you mentioned?

[CharmisG]

Yes Sure
Please check below link :
Baseflow/flutter-permission-handler#884

[TatsuUkraine]

@CharmisG I still not sure if it has anything to do with permission handler. Please read release notes of android reader sdk https://developer.squareup.com/docs/changelog/mobile-logs/2022-03-30 and then read about these 2 permissions. They are dangerous, which means that they should be requested in runtime. And the ReaderSdk.initialize requires to have these permissions granted before you invoked it.

Here you have a working example #80 (comment)