add docs and dockerfile for portable blockscout rapid development

DEVELOPMENT.md

@@ -152,6 +152,58 @@ cd ../../
 make refresh
 ```
 
+#### Portable Docker Dev Environment
+
+Requires
+    - vscode
+    - docker
+
+Build an image that has all elixir and node dependnecies to run the app, and all current source code and compiled assets
+
+```bash
+make local
+```
+
+run a docker container using the above image
+
+```bash
+docker run -it -d -v ./blockscout/blockscout-base:/src/blockscout  -v ./blockscout/patches:/src/patches kava-blockscout:local
+
+# apply current patches
+cd /blockscout/blockscout-base && git apply ../patches/*.patch && git add ./ && git commit -m "REVERT-ME-PATCH-COMMIT"
+# REVERT this commit before pushing to origin for a PR)
+```
+
+Attach a [vs code editor dev container](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/devcontainers/containers) to the running container (open command member, type/select Dev Containers: Attach to running container)
+
+Now any code changes you make inside the container will be persisted on your local machine, and you can use the patch workflow below to upstream your code changes.
+
+Create a patch of your changes to be applied when the development or production docker image is built
+
+```bash
+# from your host machine
+cd /blockcout/blockscout-base
+git diff > ../patches/NAME_OF_PATCH.patch
+```
+
+Some helpful commands
+
+```bash
+# from inside /src/blockscout of dev container
+# fetch dependencies from all apps
+mix deps.get
+# compile sources for all apps (indexer, explorer)
+mix compile
+
+# if you want to just update / compile a single app, such as the indexer
+# from inside /src/blockscout of dev container
+cd /apps/indexer
+# fetch dependencies for just this app
+mix deps.get
+# compile sources for just this app
+mix compile
+```
+
 #### Indexer status
 
 To see how far back the block explorer has indexed blocks, connect to the database and query to see what is the earliest block it has indexed, if these values change that means earlier and earlier blocks are being indexed (`refetch_needed` indicates whether the indexing was successful)

Makefile

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ build:
 	cd blockscout && \
 	docker build ./ -f Dockerfile -t ${IMAGE_NAME}:${LOCAL_IMAGE_TAG} --build-arg BLOCKSCOUT_VERSION=${BLOCKSCOUT_DOCKER_VERSION}
 
+local:
+	cd blockscout && \
+	docker build ./ -f local.Dockerfile -t ${IMAGE_NAME}:${LOCAL_IMAGE_TAG} --build-arg BLOCKSCOUT_VERSION=${BLOCKSCOUT_DOCKER_VERSION}
+
 .PHONY: build-db-exporter
 # build the exporter image
 build-db-exporter:

blockscout/local.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Raw version representing v5.3.1-beta
+ARG BLOCKSCOUT_VERSION=5.3.1
+
+#
+# The backend-builder uses the official exlixir docker image that contains
+# Elixir, Erlang, compatiable OTP version, and mix.
+#
+FROM elixir:1.14-otp-25 as backend-builder
+ARG BLOCKSCOUT_VERSION
+
+WORKDIR /src
+
+# All elixir dependencies are already installed
+# We only need git to clone and apply patches
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y git \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# COPY patches first, since we want to apply after clone, but before compiling
+# This does force a re-clone if there are patch changes, but also reduces our layers.
+#
+COPY ./patches /src/patches
+
+# The order of the below steps must be kept the same
+#
+# Clone the  blockscout repository
+RUN git clone --depth 1 --branch v${BLOCKSCOUT_VERSION}-beta https://github.com/blockscout/blockscout.git
+WORKDIR blockscout
+# apply patches
+RUN git apply /src/patches/*.patch
+RUN mix local.hex --force
+RUN mix local.rebar --force
+# install prod dependencies
+RUN mix deps.get
+# compile minimal production optimized version of application
+RUN mix compile
+# The order of the above steps must be kept the same
+#
+
+WORKDIR /src
+
+RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_20.x | bash - && \
+    apt-get install -y nodejs \
+    build-essential && \
+    node --version && \
+    npm --version
+# Build the user interface (block_scout_web/assets) and then install the solc npm package (explorer)
+RUN cd blockscout/apps/block_scout_web/assets \
+  && npm install \
+  && NODE_ENV=prod npm run deploy \
+  && cd ../../explorer \
+  && npm install
+
+WORKDIR /src/blockscout
+
+#
+CMD tail -f /dev/null