Create Automotive_Security.md #1545
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New Cheatsheet For Automotive Security Vulnerabilities
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This is great. For starters can you fix the markdown? cheatsheets/Automotive_Security.md:13 MD012/no-multiple-blanks Multiple consecutive blank lines [Expected: 1; Actual: 2] |
Lint Error Fixed
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Done |
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I agree with @szh; I think we need some supporting documentation here. Most of these seem intuitive based on my general AppSec knowledge, but I still think we need some reliable references because it's OWASP's reputation that is at stake here and I wouldn't want someone from the auto industry to tell us we're way off base and the important things are actually X, Y, or Z instead. |
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This is an excellent cheatsheet overall, I approve of it, but would like to see an automotive expert review it and the markdown fixed. |
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@paragbagul111 based on what you determined this top 10? Is there any other presentation/whitepaper/research/reports that back this up? |
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@paragbagul111 please let us know based on what you determined this top 10? Is there any other presentation/whitepapers/research/reports that back this up? |
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Hi @jmanico I used the following resources to determine the top 10 security vulnerabilities for the automotive:
https://youtu.be/tcp7i51KqrM?si=540X2KUavJXYBpka
https://ieeecs-media.computer.org/media/technical-activities/CYBSI/docs/CSD-telematics.pdf
https://www.seqrite.com/blog/automotive-supply-chain-cybersecurity-challenges-and-solutions/
https://autocrypt.io/trends-in-vehicle-vulnerabilities-2023-report/ 6.Inadequate Access Control Mechanisms Check Vehicle theft section : https://www.trustonic.com/opinion/top-10-security-challenges-for-connected-cars/ 7.Poorly Implemented Authentication Mechanisms 8.Data Leakage and Privacy Violations 9.Lack of Security in Integrated Systems check Connection risks section : https://www.trustonic.com/opinion/top-10-security-challenges-for-connected-cars/ 10.Insecure Legacy Systems check Lack of 'designed-in' security : https://www.trustonic.com/opinion/top-10-security-challenges-for-connected-cars/ |
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I really like the idea of this cheatsheet. @mackowski are you ok with this? |
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What about changing name and wording from top 10 to just 'Automotive Security Vulnerabilities' and 'Common Automotive Security Vulnerabilities' and remove numbers from the list? That will start a good cheatsheets for automotive but I think that we do not have data to call it TOP 10 or to try to put them in order. |
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And when we release it I hope more experts will start making PRs and contribute to this work |
I was thinking the same thing. |
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Good call, Shlomo.
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@paragbagul111 - In #1545 (comment), you provided refererences, but I think that information should really be included as a list of references in this newly proposed cheat sheet that's part of the PR. |
New Cheatsheet For Automotive Security Vulnerabilities
1. Weak Vehicle Communication Protocols
Vulnerability: Many vehicles use communication protocols like CAN (Controller Area Network) without adequate security measures.
Example: An attacker could intercept messages on the CAN bus, leading to unauthorized commands being sent to critical vehicle systems (e.g., brakes, steering).
Attack Surface: In-vehicle networks and any exposed diagnostic ports.
2. Insecure Over-the-Air (OTA) Updates
Vulnerability: OTA updates may lack proper authentication and encryption, allowing attackers to inject malicious firmware.
Example: An attacker could spoof an update server and deliver a malicious update that compromises the vehicle's control systems.
Attack Surface: Wireless communication channels, including cellular and Wi-Fi.
3. Insecure Telematics Systems
Vulnerability: Telematics units that connect vehicles to cloud services may have insufficient security controls.
Example: An attacker exploiting weak API security could access sensitive vehicle data or manipulate vehicle settings remotely.
Attack Surface: Cloud interfaces, telematics gateways, and mobile applications.
4. Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities
Vulnerability: Third-party software components may have known vulnerabilities that can be exploited.
Example: If a vehicle’s infotainment system relies on a vulnerable third-party library, an attacker could exploit that vulnerability to execute arbitrary code.
Attack Surface: Infotainment systems, vehicle software updates, and any integrated third-party applications.
5. Physical Access Exploits
Vulnerability: Physical access to the vehicle can allow attackers to manipulate systems directly.
Example: An attacker with physical access could connect a malicious device to the OBD-II port to alter vehicle settings or firmware.
Attack Surface: Diagnostic ports, service stations, and unsecured vehicle access.
6. Inadequate Access Control Mechanisms
Vulnerability: Weak or poorly implemented access control measures can allow unauthorized access to vehicle systems.
Example: A driver might gain unauthorized access to administrative functions through a poorly secured mobile app.
Attack Surface: Mobile applications, vehicle interfaces, and internal network connections.
7. Poorly Implemented Authentication Mechanisms
Vulnerability: Many automotive systems use weak authentication methods, making it easier for attackers to gain unauthorized access.
Example: If a vehicle’s mobile app uses easily guessable passwords, an attacker could log in and change vehicle settings or track location.
Attack Surface: Mobile applications, web interfaces, and vehicle systems that allow remote access.
8. Data Leakage and Privacy Violations
Vulnerability: Vehicles often collect extensive data, which can be inadequately protected.
Example: An unsecured data transmission channel could expose sensitive user data, such as location history and personal preferences, to eavesdroppers.
Attack Surface: Data transmission channels, cloud storage, and interfaces with third-party services.
9. Lack of Security in Integrated Systems
Vulnerability: The integration of various systems (e.g., infotainment, navigation) can create vulnerabilities if not properly secured.
Example: An attacker could exploit a vulnerability in the infotainment system to gain access to the vehicle’s control systems through interconnected components.
Attack Surface: Interconnected vehicle systems, APIs, and communication channels between systems.
10. Insecure Legacy Systems
Vulnerability: Many vehicles still use legacy systems with outdated security protocols.
Example: An attacker could exploit known vulnerabilities in older vehicle models that have not been patched, gaining control over critical systems.
Attack Surface: Older vehicle models, diagnostic tools, and maintenance interfaces.