[GR-18163] Implement rb_category_warn C function #5009

Job	Run time
lint	13m 56s
build jvm	6m 35s
build native	13m 33s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.0	3m 28s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.1	3m 41s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.2	3m 9s
fast specs	1m 36s
specs :truffle	16m 47s
test integration	9m 42s
specs :language :core	12m 28s
specs :library :cext :security :command_line :tracepoint	9m 14s
run MRI tests on native	19m 48s
test native	3m 15s
	1h 57m 12s

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